Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century - Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation

Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century - Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Clark, Logan N.
Language:English
Published: Ohio University / OhioLINK 2020
Subjects:
Meteorology
Climate Change
Antarctica
Southern Hemisphere
Pressure
Climate Variability
Online Access:http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1586778291377432
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spelling ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-ohiou15867782913774322021-08-03T07:14:18Z Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century - Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation Clark, Logan N. Meteorology Climate Change Antarctica Southern Hemisphere Pressure Climate Variability Climate Change Atmospheric circulation patterns and additional external forcings create strong connections across the entire Southern Hemisphere, specifically between the mid- and high-latitudes. These relationships have made it possible to reconstruct surface pressure over Antarctica, extending records back to the beginning of the 20th century. This is accomplished by using station data from southern midlatitude locations and performing Principal Component Regression (PCR) in order to predict pressure records over Antarctica prior to readily available observations in 1957. This study evaluates PCR reconstructions created from observations compared to reconstructions created in the Community Atmospheric version 5 (CAM5) model. These pressure datasets will now span from 1905 – 2013, and by using CAM5, supplementary tests can be made on the notion of the stationarity constraint. Reconstruction performance remained high across all datasets, with CAM5 model skill exceeding the observational reconstructions in every season except for the austral summer. This held true even when switching the calibration period in the model from 1957 – 2013 to 1905 – 1956, which is the time period used to establish relationships across the full reconstruction period. A number of tests on the stationarity constraint found that stability in the model remained fairly persistent across the full time period, with West Antarctica sharing stronger connections to the southern midlatitudes. When evaluating century-length reanalyses to the CAM5 model, it was found that these reanalysis products have varying relationships with the southern midlatitudes through time that disrupts stability and compromises global mass conservation laws. Nonetheless, the new reconstructed pressure datasets are deemed to be reliable estimates of Antarctica pressure variability since the beginning of the 20th century. These data provide meaningful results, and are an additional tool that can be used to understand long-term climate variability in Antarctica. 2020-06-01 English text Ohio University / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1586778291377432 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1586778291377432 unrestricted This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws.
collection NDLTD
language English
sources NDLTD
topic Meteorology
Climate Change
Antarctica
Southern Hemisphere
Pressure
Climate Variability
Climate Change
spellingShingle Meteorology
Climate Change
Antarctica
Southern Hemisphere
Pressure
Climate Variability
Climate Change
Clark, Logan N.
Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century - Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation
author Clark, Logan N.
author_facet Clark, Logan N.
author_sort Clark, Logan N.
title Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century - Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation
title_short Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century - Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation
title_full Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century - Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation
title_fullStr Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century - Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation
title_full_unstemmed Southern Hemisphere Pressure Relationships during the 20th Century - Implications for Climate Reconstructions and Model Evaluation
title_sort southern hemisphere pressure relationships during the 20th century - implications for climate reconstructions and model evaluation
publisher Ohio University / OhioLINK
publishDate 2020
url http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1586778291377432
work_keys_str_mv AT clarklogann southernhemispherepressurerelationshipsduringthe20thcenturyimplicationsforclimatereconstructionsandmodelevaluation
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