Geospatial Approaches to Identify Neighborhood Risks to a Pediatric Population
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Kent State University / OhioLINK
2018
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ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-kent15316946886931312021-08-03T07:07:31Z Geospatial Approaches to Identify Neighborhood Risks to a Pediatric Population Schuch, Laura M. Environmental Health Epidemiology Geographic Information Science Geography GIS injury prevention lead exposure public health residential mobility spatial analysis Research focusing on neighborhood effects on health often fails to connect aspects of the neighborhoods which contribute to disparities, and the mechanisms in which social processes and the built environment affects the lives of individuals. The purpose of this dissertation is to explore the neighborhood risks affecting health and well-being for the pediatric population in Akron, Ohio, through novel methods in geospatial technologies. Within the context of injury prevention and childhood lead exposure, I explore factors which impact children living in Akron through the collection, mapping and analysis of data at a granular spatial scale. The first of the three studies is focused on the use of spatial video in assessment of child behaviors and injury surveillance for active school transport immediately before, during and after an intervention (at three time periods) as part of International Walk to School Day at one Community Learning Center (CLC) in Akron, Ohio. This paper analyzes data generated from coding spatial video in a GIS for variables related to child characteristics, activity, location, and the surrounding environment to identify behaviors and aspects of the built environment which may contribute to unintentional injuries during active school transport. The focus of the second study is to investigate aspects of properties that may contribute to lead exposure through the development of an Environmental Lead Index (ELI). Spatial video was coded for the presence of eight variables and summarized to create a number value. Blood lead levels, extracted from the EMR as lead test results, were used to assess the validity of the ELI. Additional insights into the challenges affecting this diverse pediatric population, such as a residential mobility rate over 70 percent, are provided through a descriptive analysis of the study population, which includes a growing immigrant population. The last paper concentrates on the challenges associated with residential mobility in a pediatric population, as it relates to childhood lead exposure using statistical and geospatial analysis. For this study data extracted from the EMR includes all addresses recorded within the patient record, during a three and half year period. Statistical and geospatial analysis is conducted at the patient level and the property level. Spatial analysis provides insight into distance moved and identifies addresses which house more than one child with an EBL. Visualizations are provided to highlight spatial patterns in patient mobility. The results of the nuanced and granular approaches applied here include methodologies for collecting and analyzing data, both qualitative and quantitative, that advance sub-neighborhood scale health research, and at the same time will provide data to support community advocacy and policy decision-making. 2018-07-20 English text Kent State University / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1531694688693131 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1531694688693131 unrestricted This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws. |
| collection |
NDLTD |
| language |
English |
| sources |
NDLTD |
| topic |
Environmental Health Epidemiology Geographic Information Science Geography GIS injury prevention lead exposure public health residential mobility spatial analysis |
| spellingShingle |
Environmental Health Epidemiology Geographic Information Science Geography GIS injury prevention lead exposure public health residential mobility spatial analysis Schuch, Laura M. Geospatial Approaches to Identify Neighborhood Risks to a Pediatric Population |
| author |
Schuch, Laura M. |
| author_facet |
Schuch, Laura M. |
| author_sort |
Schuch, Laura M. |
| title |
Geospatial Approaches to Identify Neighborhood Risks to a Pediatric Population |
| title_short |
Geospatial Approaches to Identify Neighborhood Risks to a Pediatric Population |
| title_full |
Geospatial Approaches to Identify Neighborhood Risks to a Pediatric Population |
| title_fullStr |
Geospatial Approaches to Identify Neighborhood Risks to a Pediatric Population |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Geospatial Approaches to Identify Neighborhood Risks to a Pediatric Population |
| title_sort |
geospatial approaches to identify neighborhood risks to a pediatric population |
| publisher |
Kent State University / OhioLINK |
| publishDate |
2018 |
| url |
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1531694688693131 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT schuchlauram geospatialapproachestoidentifyneighborhoodriskstoapediatricpopulation |
| _version_ |
1719454207128371200 |