Direct Current Block of Peripheral Nerve: Electrode and Waveform Development

Direct Current Block of Peripheral Nerve: Electrode and Waveform Development

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Vrabec, Tina L.
Language:English
Published: Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK 2016
Subjects:
Biomedical Engineering
Biomedical Research
Chemical Engineering
Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Neurosciences
Nerve Block
Kilohertz High Frequency Alternating Current
KHFAC
Direct Current
DC
Neural Engineering
electrode
platinum black
iridium oxide
high capacitance electrode
nerve damage
Online Access:http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1448989101
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spelling ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-case14489891012021-08-03T06:34:09Z Direct Current Block of Peripheral Nerve: Electrode and Waveform Development Vrabec, Tina L. Biomedical Engineering Biomedical Research Chemical Engineering Engineering Electrical Engineering Neurosciences Nerve Block Kilohertz High Frequency Alternating Current KHFAC Direct Current DC Neural Engineering electrode platinum black iridium oxide high capacitance electrode nerve damage There are many diseases that could benefit from electrical nerve block. Theproperties of rapid block, rapid reversal and localization makes electrical nerve block animproved option over pharmaceutical options or surgery. Applications exist in manybody systems. Motor block can provide relief from spasticity. Sensory block canprovide pain relief without the possibility of prescription drug abuses. Autonomic blockcan modulate organ systems such as heart rate or blood pressure. These applicationsare all very complex and diverse. In order to provide solutions to these wide range ofproblems and over a varied group of patients, it is advantageous to have as many toolsas possible available to choose from.Kilohertz-frequency alternating current (KHFAC) has been studied extensivelyand applied to many different applications. It fits all the requirements of electricalnerve block. It is also inherently safe, but at the initiation of KHFAC onset activity occurswhich is undesirable in many applications. Direct current (DC) nerve block can be usedwithout causing onset if the parameters are chosen correctly, but with conventionalelectrodes, damage to the nerve can occur in just a few seconds. The damage from DCcan be mitigated with the correct waveform parameters and the correct electrodes.In order to prevent the formation of cytotoxic products at the electrode surface,high capacitance electrodes were developed to extend the amount of charge that couldbe delivered before reactants were formed at the electrode interface. These electrodes,used with a charge balanced direct current (CBDC) waveform were able to extend theamount of time that DC could be applied.The ability to provide even a short burst of DC opened up several novel nerveblock applications. Three different configurations were tested. 1) A CBDC electrode wasused with a KHFAC electrode to block the onset from the KHFAC using DC. 2) The CBDCwaveform was combined with the KHFAC through one electrode to generate thecombined no onset waveform. 3) A DC only application was tested, using a 4 contactCBDC waveform. These applications provide more tools that can be applied to controlof the nervous system. 2016-01-27 English text Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1448989101 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1448989101 unrestricted This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws.
collection NDLTD
language English
sources NDLTD
topic Biomedical Engineering
Biomedical Research
Chemical Engineering
Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Neurosciences
Nerve Block
Kilohertz High Frequency Alternating Current
KHFAC
Direct Current
DC
Neural Engineering
electrode
platinum black
iridium oxide
high capacitance electrode
nerve damage
spellingShingle Biomedical Engineering
Biomedical Research
Chemical Engineering
Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Neurosciences
Nerve Block
Kilohertz High Frequency Alternating Current
KHFAC
Direct Current
DC
Neural Engineering
electrode
platinum black
iridium oxide
high capacitance electrode
nerve damage
Vrabec, Tina L.
Direct Current Block of Peripheral Nerve: Electrode and Waveform Development
author Vrabec, Tina L.
author_facet Vrabec, Tina L.
author_sort Vrabec, Tina L.
title Direct Current Block of Peripheral Nerve: Electrode and Waveform Development
title_short Direct Current Block of Peripheral Nerve: Electrode and Waveform Development
title_full Direct Current Block of Peripheral Nerve: Electrode and Waveform Development
title_fullStr Direct Current Block of Peripheral Nerve: Electrode and Waveform Development
title_full_unstemmed Direct Current Block of Peripheral Nerve: Electrode and Waveform Development
title_sort direct current block of peripheral nerve: electrode and waveform development
publisher Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK
publishDate 2016
url http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1448989101
work_keys_str_mv AT vrabectinal directcurrentblockofperipheralnerveelectrodeandwaveformdevelopment
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