Bidirectional Natural Killer Cell and Dendritic Cell Interactions in HIV-1 Pathogenesis

Bidirectional Natural Killer Cell and Dendritic Cell Interactions in HIV-1 Pathogenesis

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Valentin-Torres, Alice M.
Language:English
Published: Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK 2013
Subjects:
Immunology
Molecular Biology
Virology
HIV
immunology
NK cell
Dendritic Cells
bidirectional interactionsi
Online Access:http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1346268879
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spelling ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-case13462688792021-08-03T05:19:44Z Bidirectional Natural Killer Cell and Dendritic Cell Interactions in HIV-1 Pathogenesis Valentin-Torres, Alice M. Immunology Molecular Biology Virology HIV immunology NK cell Dendritic Cells bidirectional interactionsi Natural killer (NK) and dendritic cell (DC) interactions are pivotal for the development of immune responses, which lead to bidirectional NK:DC activation. In HIV-1 infection, both NK cell and DC function are impaired, resulting in dysfunctional NK:DC crosstalk. We demonstrate that NK:DC interactions result in the induction of CD4 expression on NK cells, thereby increasing NK cell susceptibility to HIV-1 infection. Furthermore, we show that NK:DC interactions influence NK cell degranulation.CD4+ NK cells mediate DC maturation via cell-cell contact interactions and soluble factors. We find that CD4+ NK cells are more efficient at inducing DC maturation than CD4- NK cells, suggesting that CD4 is an activation marker on NK cells. CD4+ NK cells also influence DC function as they decrease DC macropinocytotic capacity, which is characteristic of DC maturation. NK:DC interactions affect HIV-1 infection, as NK-mature DCs effectively deliver HIV-1 to T cells via trans-infection. DC-mediated induction of CD4 expression on NK cells renders NK cells susceptible to HIV-1 infection. Furthermore, DCs can transfer infectious viruses and enhance HIV-1 infection of CD4+ NK cells.Our findings provide new insights regarding NK:DC interactions, defining a mechanism by which cellular interactions in the absence of pathogens promote DC-mediated amplification of HIV-1 infection. These findings provide a new mechanism by which CD4 expression can be induced in vivo, resulting in HIV-1 infection of NK cells. 2013-03-12 English text Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1346268879 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1346268879 unrestricted This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws.
collection NDLTD
language English
sources NDLTD
topic Immunology
Molecular Biology
Virology
HIV
immunology
NK cell
Dendritic Cells
bidirectional interactionsi
spellingShingle Immunology
Molecular Biology
Virology
HIV
immunology
NK cell
Dendritic Cells
bidirectional interactionsi
Valentin-Torres, Alice M.
Bidirectional Natural Killer Cell and Dendritic Cell Interactions in HIV-1 Pathogenesis
author Valentin-Torres, Alice M.
author_facet Valentin-Torres, Alice M.
author_sort Valentin-Torres, Alice M.
title Bidirectional Natural Killer Cell and Dendritic Cell Interactions in HIV-1 Pathogenesis
title_short Bidirectional Natural Killer Cell and Dendritic Cell Interactions in HIV-1 Pathogenesis
title_full Bidirectional Natural Killer Cell and Dendritic Cell Interactions in HIV-1 Pathogenesis
title_fullStr Bidirectional Natural Killer Cell and Dendritic Cell Interactions in HIV-1 Pathogenesis
title_full_unstemmed Bidirectional Natural Killer Cell and Dendritic Cell Interactions in HIV-1 Pathogenesis
title_sort bidirectional natural killer cell and dendritic cell interactions in hiv-1 pathogenesis
publisher Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK
publishDate 2013
url http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1346268879
work_keys_str_mv AT valentintorresalicem bidirectionalnaturalkillercellanddendriticcellinteractionsinhiv1pathogenesis
_version_ 1719418561535934464

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