INTERFACIAL PHENOMENA IN COPOLYMER MEMBRANES SWOLLEN BY SURFACTANTS AND MICROWAVE SYNTHESIS OF METAL OXIDE-CARBONS

INTERFACIAL PHENOMENA IN COPOLYMER MEMBRANES SWOLLEN BY SURFACTANTS AND MICROWAVE SYNTHESIS OF METAL OXIDE-CARBONS

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Li, Siyuan
Language:English
Published: University of Akron / OhioLINK 2021
Subjects:
Alternative Energy
Chemistry
Materials Science
Polymers
Online Access:http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1618249966415808
id ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-akron1618249966415808
record_format oai_dc
collection NDLTD
language English
sources NDLTD
topic Alternative Energy
Chemistry
Materials Science
Polymers
spellingShingle Alternative Energy
Chemistry
Materials Science
Polymers
Li, Siyuan
INTERFACIAL PHENOMENA IN COPOLYMER MEMBRANES SWOLLEN BY SURFACTANTS AND MICROWAVE SYNTHESIS OF METAL OXIDE-CARBONS
author Li, Siyuan
author_facet Li, Siyuan
author_sort Li, Siyuan
title INTERFACIAL PHENOMENA IN COPOLYMER MEMBRANES SWOLLEN BY SURFACTANTS AND MICROWAVE SYNTHESIS OF METAL OXIDE-CARBONS
title_short INTERFACIAL PHENOMENA IN COPOLYMER MEMBRANES SWOLLEN BY SURFACTANTS AND MICROWAVE SYNTHESIS OF METAL OXIDE-CARBONS
title_full INTERFACIAL PHENOMENA IN COPOLYMER MEMBRANES SWOLLEN BY SURFACTANTS AND MICROWAVE SYNTHESIS OF METAL OXIDE-CARBONS
title_fullStr INTERFACIAL PHENOMENA IN COPOLYMER MEMBRANES SWOLLEN BY SURFACTANTS AND MICROWAVE SYNTHESIS OF METAL OXIDE-CARBONS
title_full_unstemmed INTERFACIAL PHENOMENA IN COPOLYMER MEMBRANES SWOLLEN BY SURFACTANTS AND MICROWAVE SYNTHESIS OF METAL OXIDE-CARBONS
title_sort interfacial phenomena in copolymer membranes swollen by surfactants and microwave synthesis of metal oxide-carbons
publisher University of Akron / OhioLINK
publishDate 2021
url http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1618249966415808
work_keys_str_mv AT lisiyuan interfacialphenomenaincopolymermembranesswollenbysurfactantsandmicrowavesynthesisofmetaloxidecarbons
_version_ 1719458238854856704
spelling ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-akron16182499664158082021-08-03T07:17:09Z INTERFACIAL PHENOMENA IN COPOLYMER MEMBRANES SWOLLEN BY SURFACTANTS AND MICROWAVE SYNTHESIS OF METAL OXIDE-CARBONS Li, Siyuan Alternative Energy Chemistry Materials Science Polymers Transportation contributes to almost one third of the global emission of greenhouse gas, which calls for increased utilization of renewable energy to reduce emissions. The electric vehicle provides a clear solution, but challenges associated with the range of these vehicles limit their adoption. Although batteries provide the energy density, rapid acceleration and ignition both rely on supercapacitors. The electrochemical performances of the electrode materials highly depend on chemical composition and morphology, which is directly related with its synthesis. Here, a simple method based on microwave synthesis is demonstrated to enable the rapid conversion of iron nitrate and graphene oxide to iron oxide nanoparticle decorated reduced graphene oxide that provides excellent performance as an electrode in supercapacitors. The microwave synthesis is advantageous in the fast and homogeneous heating where the microwave is directly absorbed by the graphene oxide to locally provide energy to synthesize the nanoparticles. The rapid heating enables more homogeneous nucleation and decreases the coarsening of the particles as the synthesis can be short (<1 min) to tune the particle morphology and electrochemical performance by the microwave conditions. As liquid fuels still dominate transportation, routes to reduce the environmental impact are important with biofuel being a green alternative for fossil fuel. More than 98% of the gasoline sold in U.S. contains up to 10% ethanol, but there are serious drawbacks to ethanol associated with its relatively lower energy density and hygroscopicity. Biobutanol is more suitable as a biofuel drop-in for gasoline than ethanol due to its energy density being close to high performance gasoline and lower water solubility. However, the fermentation production of butanol is limited to ~1 wt% and the higher boiling point of butanol leads to high energy requirements to separate with distillation. Pervaporation provides a low energy alterative for the recovery of the biobutanol, but this requires a high permeability and selective membrane. Substituted polynorbornenes are promising as pervaporation membranes under ideal conditions, but fail under real world conditions. Here, we demonstrate the common polyol surfactant necessary to prevent foaming, which is critical to anaerobic fermentation, severely swells and plasticizes the polynorbornene membranes. This effect is driven by the hydrophobic propylene oxide segments and the size (molecular weight) of the surfactant. In particular, using a similar copolymer composition for the polyol but at higher molecular weight decreases the overall swelling dramatically.Hydrogels can have various applications in energy and environment such as electrochemical energy storage and water treatment. The solvation by surfactants or organic solvents can alter the polymeric network and weaken the mechanical strength of hydrogels, but the solvation kinetics was not fully clarified in previous works. The concentration dependence and solvation kinetics of surfactant and organic solvent on a hydrophobically crosslinked hydrogel are discussed in this dissertation. Both of them softened the hydrogel at elevated concentrations and surfactant is more effective in dissolving it. In summary, interfacial driven phenomena associated with surfactant-polymer interactions and microwave-materials heating are elucidated here towards addressing questions associated with materials used for renewable energy. 2021-04-13 English text University of Akron / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1618249966415808 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1618249966415808 restricted--full text unavailable until 2022-09-01 This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws.

Similar Items