| Summary: | <p>A major constraint for ultradwarf bermudagrass (<i>Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. x C. transvaalensis</i>) putting green cultivars is poor performance under reduced light environments (RLEs) due to the overall poor shade tolerance of bermudagrass. The objectives of this research were to quantify a daily light integral (DLI) requirement for warm-season putting green cultivar establishment, quantify a DLI requirement for established warm-season putting green cultivars, and identify differences in plant responses of warm-season putting green cultivars under RLEs during establishment and for established turf stands, as well. Using regression analysis, DLI requirements were generated to quantify the amount of light needed to reach 70% cover during warm-season putting green cultivar establishment, and to quantify the amount of light needed to maintain commercially acceptable turf quality for established warm-season putting green cultivars. Other plant responses were measured under various light regimes for each study.</p>
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