Comparing the cost-effectiveness of different standardized tuberculosis treatment regimens in settings with varying prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis
Background: There is a growing need to identify appropriate standardized treatment strategies that will adequately treat drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) and prevent multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). Methods: We built a Markov model comparing treatment-related morbidities, mortality and costs in Ecuador, Br...
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ndltd-LACETR-oai-collectionscanada.gc.ca-QMM.969072014-02-13T03:48:17ZComparing the cost-effectiveness of different standardized tuberculosis treatment regimens in settings with varying prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis Law, Yuen ShanHealth Sciences - EpidemiologyBackground: There is a growing need to identify appropriate standardized treatment strategies that will adequately treat drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) and prevent multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). Methods: We built a Markov model comparing treatment-related morbidities, mortality and costs in Ecuador, Brazil and hypothetical settings with varying prevalence of DR-TB. We compared four treatment strategies: 1) standard WHO-recommended treatment strategy; 2) adding EMB throughout 6-month initial treatment; 3) strengthening WHO standard retreatment with 2nd-line drugs; and 4) treating failures from initial treatment with a standardized MDR regimen. We also compared four combinations of those strategies. Probabilities of tuberculosis outcomes were derived from published literature. Costs were collected using direct surveys.Results: Strengthening retreatment with second-line drugs was highly cost-effective in Ecuador and Brazil. Adding EMB throughout initial treatment prevented acquired drug resistance and TB deaths, but led to excess cases of blindness.Conclusion: There is growing evidence that the WHO standard retreatment regimen is inadequate and should be strengthened with second-line drugs.Contexte: Des stratégies normalisées de traitement de la tuberculose résistante et de prévention de la tuberculose multi résistante doivent être identifiées.Méthodes: La morbidité, la mortalité et les coûts associés au traitement de la tuberculose en Equateur, au Brésil et dans des contextes hypothétiques ont été comparés dans un modèle de Markov. Quatre stratégies ont été évaluées: 1) le traitement normalisé recommandé par l'OMS, 2) l'ajout d'EMB au traitement initial, 3) le renforcement du retraitement avec des médicaments de 2e ligne, 4) l'utilisation d'un traitement normalisé pour la tuberculose multi résistante lors d'échec du traitement initial. Les probabilités ont été tirées de la littérature. Les coûts ont été recueillis par questionnaires.Résultat: Renforcer le retraitement a un rapport coût-efficacité élevé en Équateur et au Brésil. Ajouter l'EMB pendant le traitement initial prévient le développement de résistance et les décès, mais conduit à une augmentation des cas de cécité.Conclusion: La stratégie de retraitement normalisé de l'OMS devrait être renforcée avec des médicaments de deuxième ligne.McGill UniversityAndrea Benedetti (Supervisor2)Richard Ian Menzies (Supervisor1)2011Electronic Thesis or Dissertationapplication/pdfenElectronically-submitted theses.All items in eScholarship@McGill are protected by copyright with all rights reserved unless otherwise indicated.Master of Science (Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics) http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=96907 |
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Health Sciences - Epidemiology Law, Yuen Shan Comparing the cost-effectiveness of different standardized tuberculosis treatment regimens in settings with varying prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis |
description |
Background: There is a growing need to identify appropriate standardized treatment strategies that will adequately treat drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) and prevent multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). Methods: We built a Markov model comparing treatment-related morbidities, mortality and costs in Ecuador, Brazil and hypothetical settings with varying prevalence of DR-TB. We compared four treatment strategies: 1) standard WHO-recommended treatment strategy; 2) adding EMB throughout 6-month initial treatment; 3) strengthening WHO standard retreatment with 2nd-line drugs; and 4) treating failures from initial treatment with a standardized MDR regimen. We also compared four combinations of those strategies. Probabilities of tuberculosis outcomes were derived from published literature. Costs were collected using direct surveys.Results: Strengthening retreatment with second-line drugs was highly cost-effective in Ecuador and Brazil. Adding EMB throughout initial treatment prevented acquired drug resistance and TB deaths, but led to excess cases of blindness.Conclusion: There is growing evidence that the WHO standard retreatment regimen is inadequate and should be strengthened with second-line drugs. === Contexte: Des stratégies normalisées de traitement de la tuberculose résistante et de prévention de la tuberculose multi résistante doivent être identifiées.Méthodes: La morbidité, la mortalité et les coûts associés au traitement de la tuberculose en Equateur, au Brésil et dans des contextes hypothétiques ont été comparés dans un modèle de Markov. Quatre stratégies ont été évaluées: 1) le traitement normalisé recommandé par l'OMS, 2) l'ajout d'EMB au traitement initial, 3) le renforcement du retraitement avec des médicaments de 2e ligne, 4) l'utilisation d'un traitement normalisé pour la tuberculose multi résistante lors d'échec du traitement initial. Les probabilités ont été tirées de la littérature. Les coûts ont été recueillis par questionnaires.Résultat: Renforcer le retraitement a un rapport coût-efficacité élevé en Équateur et au Brésil. Ajouter l'EMB pendant le traitement initial prévient le développement de résistance et les décès, mais conduit à une augmentation des cas de cécité.Conclusion: La stratégie de retraitement normalisé de l'OMS devrait être renforcée avec des médicaments de deuxième ligne. |
author2 |
Andrea Benedetti (Supervisor2) |
author_facet |
Andrea Benedetti (Supervisor2) Law, Yuen Shan |
author |
Law, Yuen Shan |
author_sort |
Law, Yuen Shan |
title |
Comparing the cost-effectiveness of different standardized tuberculosis treatment regimens in settings with varying prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis |
title_short |
Comparing the cost-effectiveness of different standardized tuberculosis treatment regimens in settings with varying prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis |
title_full |
Comparing the cost-effectiveness of different standardized tuberculosis treatment regimens in settings with varying prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis |
title_fullStr |
Comparing the cost-effectiveness of different standardized tuberculosis treatment regimens in settings with varying prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comparing the cost-effectiveness of different standardized tuberculosis treatment regimens in settings with varying prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis |
title_sort |
comparing the cost-effectiveness of different standardized tuberculosis treatment regimens in settings with varying prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis |
publisher |
McGill University |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=96907 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT lawyuenshan comparingthecosteffectivenessofdifferentstandardizedtuberculosistreatmentregimensinsettingswithvaryingprevalenceofdrugresistanttuberculosis |
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