Multimodal signal processing in the peripheral and central vestibular pathways
The vestibular sensory apparatus and associated vestibular nuclei encode head movements during our daily activities. In addition to direct inputs from vestibular afferents, the vestibular nuclei receive substantial projections from cortical. cerebellar, spinal cord. and other brainstem structures. T...
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McGill University
2009
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Sadeghi Ghandehari, Soroush Multimodal signal processing in the peripheral and central vestibular pathways |
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The vestibular sensory apparatus and associated vestibular nuclei encode head movements during our daily activities. In addition to direct inputs from vestibular afferents, the vestibular nuclei receive substantial projections from cortical. cerebellar, spinal cord. and other brainstem structures. The present studies were aimed at investigating the coding strategies and the signals carried by the peripheral and central vestibular neurons under normal conditions and following vestibular compensation. In normal animals, we first studied the coding strategies of regular and irregular afferents using information theoretic measures over the range of functionally relevant frequenciesand found differences between the two types of afferents as a result of different variability in the resting discharge (i.e., noise) and sensitivity (i.e., signal). We found that regular afferents carry information mostly in the spike times of their discharge, whereas irregular afferents carry information mostly in their firing rate and at higher frequency range of stimuli, thus acting as event detectors. We next studied the signals carried by the vestibular-nerve afferents either as a result of direct vestibular stimulation or through efferent fibers, in normal conditions and following vestibular lesion. We first showed that the efferent vestibular system is functional in the alert monkey. In order to address the functional role of the efferent system. we then characterized the responses of vestibular afferents evoked by a wide range of stimuli. We found that vestibular afferents did not encode extravestibular signals and that their response properties do not change significantly following lesion. Thus the question of the functional role of the vestibular efferent system remains open. In addition our findings demonstrate that the vestibular periphery (afferents and efferents) do not show the plasticity required to support vestibular compensation. Finally. we studied the central vestibular === Les organes sensoriels vestibulaires de l’oreille interne détectent les mouvements de la tète dans r espace. Ces informations sont envoyées aux neurones vestibulaires centraux localises au niveau du tronc cérébral. A ce niveau convergent également d'autres signaux en provenance du cortex, du cervelet. de la moelle ainsi que de divers noyaux du tronc cérébral. Les études présentées ici ont pour but de comprendre le mode de codage et la nature des signaux générés par les neurones vestibulaires périphériques, ainsi que les capacités de traitement des neurones vestibulaires centraux. véritable centres d'intégration sensori-motrice. Ces travaux ont été conduits en condition physiologique et physiopathologique sur le modèle de la compensation vestibulaire. A r aide de mesures issues de la théorie de l'information, nous nous sommes tout d'abord intéresse aux codages effectues par Ies afférences vestibulaires régulières et irrégulières. Ces deux types neuronaux différent notamment par la variabilité de leur fréquence de décharge spontanée (bruit) et leurs sensibilités (signal). Nous avons montre que Ies fibres afférentes régulières utilisent un codage temporel alors que les fibres irrégulières fonctionnent essentiellement sur un codage en modulation de la fréquence, et ce d' autant mieux que les fréquences sont élevées, constituant ainsi de véritables détecteurs d'évènements. Nous avons ensuite étudie les réponses des afférences suite a une stimulation vestibulaire directe ou a une activation du « système efférent ». En conditions physiologiques, nous avons tout d'abord pu démontrer que le système efférent est bien fonctionneI chez le singe éveille. fr |
author2 |
Cullen, Kathleen E. (Supervisor) |
author_facet |
Cullen, Kathleen E. (Supervisor) Sadeghi Ghandehari, Soroush |
author |
Sadeghi Ghandehari, Soroush |
author_sort |
Sadeghi Ghandehari, Soroush |
title |
Multimodal signal processing in the peripheral and central vestibular pathways |
title_short |
Multimodal signal processing in the peripheral and central vestibular pathways |
title_full |
Multimodal signal processing in the peripheral and central vestibular pathways |
title_fullStr |
Multimodal signal processing in the peripheral and central vestibular pathways |
title_full_unstemmed |
Multimodal signal processing in the peripheral and central vestibular pathways |
title_sort |
multimodal signal processing in the peripheral and central vestibular pathways |
publisher |
McGill University |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95559 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT sadeghighandeharisoroush multimodalsignalprocessingintheperipheralandcentralvestibularpathways |
_version_ |
1716638529262452736 |
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ndltd-LACETR-oai-collectionscanada.gc.ca-QMM.955592014-02-13T03:45:24ZMultimodal signal processing in the peripheral and central vestibular pathwaysSadeghi Ghandehari, SoroushThe vestibular sensory apparatus and associated vestibular nuclei encode head movements during our daily activities. In addition to direct inputs from vestibular afferents, the vestibular nuclei receive substantial projections from cortical. cerebellar, spinal cord. and other brainstem structures. The present studies were aimed at investigating the coding strategies and the signals carried by the peripheral and central vestibular neurons under normal conditions and following vestibular compensation. In normal animals, we first studied the coding strategies of regular and irregular afferents using information theoretic measures over the range of functionally relevant frequenciesand found differences between the two types of afferents as a result of different variability in the resting discharge (i.e., noise) and sensitivity (i.e., signal). We found that regular afferents carry information mostly in the spike times of their discharge, whereas irregular afferents carry information mostly in their firing rate and at higher frequency range of stimuli, thus acting as event detectors. We next studied the signals carried by the vestibular-nerve afferents either as a result of direct vestibular stimulation or through efferent fibers, in normal conditions and following vestibular lesion. We first showed that the efferent vestibular system is functional in the alert monkey. In order to address the functional role of the efferent system. we then characterized the responses of vestibular afferents evoked by a wide range of stimuli. We found that vestibular afferents did not encode extravestibular signals and that their response properties do not change significantly following lesion. Thus the question of the functional role of the vestibular efferent system remains open. In addition our findings demonstrate that the vestibular periphery (afferents and efferents) do not show the plasticity required to support vestibular compensation. Finally. we studied the central vestibularLes organes sensoriels vestibulaires de l’oreille interne détectent les mouvements de la tète dans r espace. Ces informations sont envoyées aux neurones vestibulaires centraux localises au niveau du tronc cérébral. A ce niveau convergent également d'autres signaux en provenance du cortex, du cervelet. de la moelle ainsi que de divers noyaux du tronc cérébral. Les études présentées ici ont pour but de comprendre le mode de codage et la nature des signaux générés par les neurones vestibulaires périphériques, ainsi que les capacités de traitement des neurones vestibulaires centraux. véritable centres d'intégration sensori-motrice. Ces travaux ont été conduits en condition physiologique et physiopathologique sur le modèle de la compensation vestibulaire. A r aide de mesures issues de la théorie de l'information, nous nous sommes tout d'abord intéresse aux codages effectues par Ies afférences vestibulaires régulières et irrégulières. Ces deux types neuronaux différent notamment par la variabilité de leur fréquence de décharge spontanée (bruit) et leurs sensibilités (signal). Nous avons montre que Ies fibres afférentes régulières utilisent un codage temporel alors que les fibres irrégulières fonctionnent essentiellement sur un codage en modulation de la fréquence, et ce d' autant mieux que les fréquences sont élevées, constituant ainsi de véritables détecteurs d'évènements. Nous avons ensuite étudie les réponses des afférences suite a une stimulation vestibulaire directe ou a une activation du « système efférent ». En conditions physiologiques, nous avons tout d'abord pu démontrer que le système efférent est bien fonctionneI chez le singe éveille. frMcGill UniversityCullen, Kathleen E. (Supervisor)2009Electronic Thesis or Dissertationapplication/pdfenTheses scanned by McGill Library.All items in eScholarship@McGill are protected by copyright with all rights reserved unless otherwise indicated.Doctor of Philosophy (Department of Physiology) http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=95559 |