Knowledge transfer in post-disaster reconstruction: the problem of post-post-disaster reconstruction

The history of post-disaster reconstruction programs, especially in developing countries, is replete with the failure to provide safe-construction methods that can be sustained and repeated over time, in spite of the usually acclaimed success of these projects by those in charge. One key factor that...

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Main Author: Gharaati Kopaei, Mehran
Other Authors: Vikram Bhatt (Internal/Supervisor)
Format: Others
Language:en
Published: McGill University 2009
Subjects:
Online Access:http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40759
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collection NDLTD
language en
format Others
sources NDLTD
topic Communications And The Arts - Architecture
spellingShingle Communications And The Arts - Architecture
Gharaati Kopaei, Mehran
Knowledge transfer in post-disaster reconstruction: the problem of post-post-disaster reconstruction
description The history of post-disaster reconstruction programs, especially in developing countries, is replete with the failure to provide safe-construction methods that can be sustained and repeated over time, in spite of the usually acclaimed success of these projects by those in charge. One key factor that results in this discrepancy is time; while the success of such projects is typically evaluated by the authorities through its tangible impact (such as physical development) at the end of the reconstruction program, the real impacts of the project can be known only in the long run. In other words, although it may seem to have gained success when it is over, the actual success or failure of a post-disaster program largely depends on intangible aspects such as awareness, preparedness, acceptance or rejection of preventive measures, and sustainability. The literature on organizing post-disaster reconstruction is abundant, though no clear consensus emerges; similarly, the literature on knowledge transfer and the embedding of tacit knowledge is rich. However, none applies to both domains. Focusing on the transfer of safe-construction knowledge in the case of the reconstruction program after the earthquake of Bam, Iran, three field studies at three periods of time were organized in Bam. The objective of these field studies was to observe the state of the modern and traditional construction knowledge prior to the earthquake, how new knowledge was disseminated during the directed reconstruction phase, and how much of that knowledge was internalized and translated into sustainable, operational tacit knowledge by the local builders. Based on the theories of knowledge transfer and emphasizing the great distinction between tacit and explicit knowledge, this study demonstrates that in the absence of local builders’ understanding of the principles of construction methods introduced to them, very little can be done in terms of assuring the repeatability of safe-construction practic === L’historique des programmes de reconstruction après les catastrophes, particulièrement dans les pays en développement, est jalonné d’échecs. On semble être incapable d’offrir des méthodes de construction sécuritaires qui peuvent être maintenues et répétées à long terme, malgré les succès annoncés par ceux qui sont en charge de ces projets. Un facteur-clé qui explique cette différence d’opinions est le temps; alors que le succès de tels projets est habituellement évalué par les autorités en termes de son impact tangible (par exemple le développement physique) immédiatement après la fin du programme de développement, les impacts réels du projet ne peuvent être connus que sur le long terme. En d’autres mots, même s’il peut sembler couronné de succès lorsqu’il est terminé, le succès ou l’échec réel d’un programme de reconstruction après une catastrophe dépend largement d’aspects intangibles tels que la sensibilisation de la population, l’état de préparation, d’approbation ou de rejet des mesures préventives, et le respect des mesures d’une façon durable. Les ouvrages traitant de l’organisation de la reconstruction sont nombreux quoiqu’on n’arrive pas à un consensus; de même, les ouvrages traitant de la transmission des connaissances et de l’ancrage des connaissances tacites sont riches. Cependant, aucun ne s’applique aux deux domaines. En se penchant sur le transfert des connaissances portant sur les méthodes de construction sécuritaire à la suite du programme de reconstruction après le tremblement de terre de Bam en Iran, trois études sur le terrain, s’échelonnant sur trois périodes de temps distinctes, furent réalisées. L’objectif de ces études fut d’observer l’état des connaissances sur la construction moderne et traditionnelle avant le tremblement de terre, comment les nouvelles connaissances ont été diffusées pendant la phase de reconstruction, et quelle fut la$
author2 Vikram Bhatt (Internal/Supervisor)
author_facet Vikram Bhatt (Internal/Supervisor)
Gharaati Kopaei, Mehran
author Gharaati Kopaei, Mehran
author_sort Gharaati Kopaei, Mehran
title Knowledge transfer in post-disaster reconstruction: the problem of post-post-disaster reconstruction
title_short Knowledge transfer in post-disaster reconstruction: the problem of post-post-disaster reconstruction
title_full Knowledge transfer in post-disaster reconstruction: the problem of post-post-disaster reconstruction
title_fullStr Knowledge transfer in post-disaster reconstruction: the problem of post-post-disaster reconstruction
title_full_unstemmed Knowledge transfer in post-disaster reconstruction: the problem of post-post-disaster reconstruction
title_sort knowledge transfer in post-disaster reconstruction: the problem of post-post-disaster reconstruction
publisher McGill University
publishDate 2009
url http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40759
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spelling ndltd-LACETR-oai-collectionscanada.gc.ca-QMM.407592014-02-13T03:43:09ZKnowledge transfer in post-disaster reconstruction: the problem of post-post-disaster reconstructionGharaati Kopaei, MehranCommunications And The Arts - ArchitectureThe history of post-disaster reconstruction programs, especially in developing countries, is replete with the failure to provide safe-construction methods that can be sustained and repeated over time, in spite of the usually acclaimed success of these projects by those in charge. One key factor that results in this discrepancy is time; while the success of such projects is typically evaluated by the authorities through its tangible impact (such as physical development) at the end of the reconstruction program, the real impacts of the project can be known only in the long run. In other words, although it may seem to have gained success when it is over, the actual success or failure of a post-disaster program largely depends on intangible aspects such as awareness, preparedness, acceptance or rejection of preventive measures, and sustainability. The literature on organizing post-disaster reconstruction is abundant, though no clear consensus emerges; similarly, the literature on knowledge transfer and the embedding of tacit knowledge is rich. However, none applies to both domains. Focusing on the transfer of safe-construction knowledge in the case of the reconstruction program after the earthquake of Bam, Iran, three field studies at three periods of time were organized in Bam. The objective of these field studies was to observe the state of the modern and traditional construction knowledge prior to the earthquake, how new knowledge was disseminated during the directed reconstruction phase, and how much of that knowledge was internalized and translated into sustainable, operational tacit knowledge by the local builders. Based on the theories of knowledge transfer and emphasizing the great distinction between tacit and explicit knowledge, this study demonstrates that in the absence of local builders’ understanding of the principles of construction methods introduced to them, very little can be done in terms of assuring the repeatability of safe-construction practicL’historique des programmes de reconstruction après les catastrophes, particulièrement dans les pays en développement, est jalonné d’échecs. On semble être incapable d’offrir des méthodes de construction sécuritaires qui peuvent être maintenues et répétées à long terme, malgré les succès annoncés par ceux qui sont en charge de ces projets. Un facteur-clé qui explique cette différence d’opinions est le temps; alors que le succès de tels projets est habituellement évalué par les autorités en termes de son impact tangible (par exemple le développement physique) immédiatement après la fin du programme de développement, les impacts réels du projet ne peuvent être connus que sur le long terme. En d’autres mots, même s’il peut sembler couronné de succès lorsqu’il est terminé, le succès ou l’échec réel d’un programme de reconstruction après une catastrophe dépend largement d’aspects intangibles tels que la sensibilisation de la population, l’état de préparation, d’approbation ou de rejet des mesures préventives, et le respect des mesures d’une façon durable. Les ouvrages traitant de l’organisation de la reconstruction sont nombreux quoiqu’on n’arrive pas à un consensus; de même, les ouvrages traitant de la transmission des connaissances et de l’ancrage des connaissances tacites sont riches. Cependant, aucun ne s’applique aux deux domaines. En se penchant sur le transfert des connaissances portant sur les méthodes de construction sécuritaire à la suite du programme de reconstruction après le tremblement de terre de Bam en Iran, trois études sur le terrain, s’échelonnant sur trois périodes de temps distinctes, furent réalisées. L’objectif de ces études fut d’observer l’état des connaissances sur la construction moderne et traditionnelle avant le tremblement de terre, comment les nouvelles connaissances ont été diffusées pendant la phase de reconstruction, et quelle fut la$McGill UniversityVikram Bhatt (Internal/Supervisor)2009Electronic Thesis or Dissertationapplication/pdfenElectronically-submitted theses.All items in eScholarship@McGill are protected by copyright with all rights reserved unless otherwise indicated.Doctor of Philosophy (School of Architecture) http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=40759