Tillage and residue management effects on soil organic matter dynamics in a sandy-loam

The accumulation and mineralization of soil organic matter is of great interest to both farmers and policy makers, because of its important functions in soil structure and in the global carbon cycle. The purpose of this study was to determine the long ter...

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Main Author: Halpern, Moshe
Other Authors: Joann Karen Whalen (Supervisor)
Format: Others
Language:en
Published: McGill University 2009
Subjects:
Online Access:http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32591
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spelling ndltd-LACETR-oai-collectionscanada.gc.ca-QMM.325912014-02-13T04:00:44ZTillage and residue management effects on soil organic matter dynamics in a sandy-loamHalpern, MosheAgriculture - Soil ScienceThe accumulation and mineralization of soil organic matter is of great interest to both farmers and policy makers, because of its important functions in soil structure and in the global carbon cycle. The purpose of this study was to determine the long term effects of tillage practices and residue management on (1) the yield of Zea mays L. grown for corn grain or corn silage, (2) the size of the total soil organic carbon pool, (3) the relative sizes of the labile soil organic carbon and nitrogen pools, and (4) the size and structure of the microbial biomass. The experimental plots in Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada were established on a sandy-loam soil in 1991 with a factorial design that includes three levels of tillage (no-till, reduced tillage, and conventional tillage), and two levels of residue input (corn roots and stover, corn roots only). At harvest in 2007, the corn grain yield was between 11.2 and 11.7 Mg dry matter ha-1, but not affected by tillage or residue treatments. Soils were collected from the plots following harvest at two depths: 0-5 cm and 5-20 cm. The total soil organic carbon pool contained between 37 and 58 Mg C ha-1 in the top 20 cm. There was no difference between tillage treatments, but the high residue plots had more soil organic carbon than the low residue input plots (P<0.05, Tukey test). Carbon and nitrogen mineralization during a 20 week laboratory incubation was used as an indicator of the relative size of the labile carbon and nitrogen pools under the different tillage and residue treatments. Both labile carbon and nitrogen pools were affected significantly by tillage and residue inputs. In the 0-5 cm depth, the labile carbon andL'accumulation et la décomposition de la matière organique du sol est de grand intérêt aux fermiers et aux décideurs politiques, en raison de ses fonctions importantes en structure de sol et dans le cycle de carbone global. Le but de cette étude était de déterminer les effets à long terme des pratiques de labourage et de la gestion de résidu sur (1) le rendement du Zea mays L. pour le maïs-grain ou le maïs d'ensilage, (2) la taille du réservoir de carbone organique du sol, (3) la quantité des formes labiles de carbone organique et d'azote organique du sol, et (4) la biomasse et la structure de la communauté microbienne. Les parcelles expérimentales à Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada ont été établies dans un sol sableux-loameux en 1991 avec un design factoriel qui inclut trois niveaux de labourage (semi-direct, labourage réduit et labourage conventionnel), et deux niveaux d'entrant de résidu (les racines plus la tige, les racines seulement). En 2007, le rendement de maïs-grain était entre 11.2 et 11.7 Mg matière sèche ha-1, mais non affecté par des traitements de labourage ou de résidu. Après la récolte, échantillons du sol ont été ramassés des parcelles à deux profondeurs : 0-5 cm et 5-20 cm. Le réservoir de carbone organique de sol a été entre 37 et 58 mg C ha-1 à une profondeur de 20 cm. Il n'y avait aucune différence entre les traitements de labourage, mais les parcelles avec haut résidu (racines plus tiges) ont eu plus de carbone organique de sol que lesquelles avec bas résidu (P<0.05, test de Tukey). La minéralisation de carbone et d'azote pendant une incubation de laboratoire durant 20 semaines a été employée comMcGill UniversityJoann Karen Whalen (Supervisor)2009Electronic Thesis or Dissertationapplication/pdfenElectronically-submitted theses.All items in eScholarship@McGill are protected by copyright with all rights reserved unless otherwise indicated.Master of Science (Department of Natural Resource Sciences) http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32591
collection NDLTD
language en
format Others
sources NDLTD
topic Agriculture - Soil Science
spellingShingle Agriculture - Soil Science
Halpern, Moshe
Tillage and residue management effects on soil organic matter dynamics in a sandy-loam
description The accumulation and mineralization of soil organic matter is of great interest to both farmers and policy makers, because of its important functions in soil structure and in the global carbon cycle. The purpose of this study was to determine the long term effects of tillage practices and residue management on (1) the yield of Zea mays L. grown for corn grain or corn silage, (2) the size of the total soil organic carbon pool, (3) the relative sizes of the labile soil organic carbon and nitrogen pools, and (4) the size and structure of the microbial biomass. The experimental plots in Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada were established on a sandy-loam soil in 1991 with a factorial design that includes three levels of tillage (no-till, reduced tillage, and conventional tillage), and two levels of residue input (corn roots and stover, corn roots only). At harvest in 2007, the corn grain yield was between 11.2 and 11.7 Mg dry matter ha-1, but not affected by tillage or residue treatments. Soils were collected from the plots following harvest at two depths: 0-5 cm and 5-20 cm. The total soil organic carbon pool contained between 37 and 58 Mg C ha-1 in the top 20 cm. There was no difference between tillage treatments, but the high residue plots had more soil organic carbon than the low residue input plots (P<0.05, Tukey test). Carbon and nitrogen mineralization during a 20 week laboratory incubation was used as an indicator of the relative size of the labile carbon and nitrogen pools under the different tillage and residue treatments. Both labile carbon and nitrogen pools were affected significantly by tillage and residue inputs. In the 0-5 cm depth, the labile carbon and === L'accumulation et la décomposition de la matière organique du sol est de grand intérêt aux fermiers et aux décideurs politiques, en raison de ses fonctions importantes en structure de sol et dans le cycle de carbone global. Le but de cette étude était de déterminer les effets à long terme des pratiques de labourage et de la gestion de résidu sur (1) le rendement du Zea mays L. pour le maïs-grain ou le maïs d'ensilage, (2) la taille du réservoir de carbone organique du sol, (3) la quantité des formes labiles de carbone organique et d'azote organique du sol, et (4) la biomasse et la structure de la communauté microbienne. Les parcelles expérimentales à Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada ont été établies dans un sol sableux-loameux en 1991 avec un design factoriel qui inclut trois niveaux de labourage (semi-direct, labourage réduit et labourage conventionnel), et deux niveaux d'entrant de résidu (les racines plus la tige, les racines seulement). En 2007, le rendement de maïs-grain était entre 11.2 et 11.7 Mg matière sèche ha-1, mais non affecté par des traitements de labourage ou de résidu. Après la récolte, échantillons du sol ont été ramassés des parcelles à deux profondeurs : 0-5 cm et 5-20 cm. Le réservoir de carbone organique de sol a été entre 37 et 58 mg C ha-1 à une profondeur de 20 cm. Il n'y avait aucune différence entre les traitements de labourage, mais les parcelles avec haut résidu (racines plus tiges) ont eu plus de carbone organique de sol que lesquelles avec bas résidu (P<0.05, test de Tukey). La minéralisation de carbone et d'azote pendant une incubation de laboratoire durant 20 semaines a été employée com
author2 Joann Karen Whalen (Supervisor)
author_facet Joann Karen Whalen (Supervisor)
Halpern, Moshe
author Halpern, Moshe
author_sort Halpern, Moshe
title Tillage and residue management effects on soil organic matter dynamics in a sandy-loam
title_short Tillage and residue management effects on soil organic matter dynamics in a sandy-loam
title_full Tillage and residue management effects on soil organic matter dynamics in a sandy-loam
title_fullStr Tillage and residue management effects on soil organic matter dynamics in a sandy-loam
title_full_unstemmed Tillage and residue management effects on soil organic matter dynamics in a sandy-loam
title_sort tillage and residue management effects on soil organic matter dynamics in a sandy-loam
publisher McGill University
publishDate 2009
url http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32591
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