Spatially explicit tools to assess invasion risks by Phragmites australis in freshwater wetlands

The rapid progression of an exotic haplotype of common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.) in North America is associated with a decline in the plant diversity of wetlands and possibly threatens native haplotypes of Phragmites australis. As prevention is a better strategy than control...

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Main Author: Taddeo, Sophie
Other Authors: Sylvie de Blois (Supervisor)
Format: Others
Language:en
Published: McGill University 2011
Subjects:
Online Access:http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103660
id ndltd-LACETR-oai-collectionscanada.gc.ca-QMM.103660
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language en
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sources NDLTD
topic Health And Environmental Sciences - Environmental Sciences
spellingShingle Health And Environmental Sciences - Environmental Sciences
Taddeo, Sophie
Spatially explicit tools to assess invasion risks by Phragmites australis in freshwater wetlands
description The rapid progression of an exotic haplotype of common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.) in North America is associated with a decline in the plant diversity of wetlands and possibly threatens native haplotypes of Phragmites australis. As prevention is a better strategy than control, a spatially-explicit approach was developed to predict the risk of invasion by the exotic P. australis and its potential impact on a native haplotype. Focusing on a protected wetland of Quebec, Canada where the two haplotypes occur, this study specifically aimed to: 1) compare and contrast the current spatial distribution of the two haplotypes in relation to landscape and land use/land cover variables, and 2) predict, using spatially-explicit models, the potential expansion patterns of the exotic and native P. australis. Results showed that the native P. australis was currently more frequent than the exotic P. australis. At this stage of invasion, native and exotic P. australis still occupied distinct parts of the territory, the native one being associated more with low marsh and areas of lesser human impacts, the exotic one being closer to roads or associated with drier land covers. Perturbations to the natural environment provided invasion foci for the exotic P. australis which is more tolerant to disturbances than the native one. The current distribution of invasion foci of exotic P. australis and its association to a broad range of conditions resulted in predicted expansion patterns where the cover of the exotic P. australis could potentially surpass the cover of the native P. australis within 10 years. This could lower the conservation value of the protected wetland and increase the competition with native colonies of P. australis where the two haplotypes intersect. === La progression d'un haplotype exotique du roseau commun (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin ex Steud.) en Amérique du nord réduit la diversité végétale des milieux humides en plus de menacer les haplotypes indigènes de Phragmites australis. La prévention étant plus efficace que le contrôle, une approche spatialement explicite visant à prédire les risques d'invasion par l'haplotype exotique et son impact sur un haplotype indigène a été développée. Cette étude conduite dans un marais protégé du Québec (Canada) visait à : 1) comparer et expliquer la distribution spatiale actuelle de ces deux haplotypes sur la base de leur relation à des variables de couverture/utilisation du sol et du paysage et 2) prédire à partir de modèles spatialement explicites les patrons d'expansion futures des haplotypes exotique et indigène de P. australis. À ce stade-ci de l'invasion, les haplotypes occupent des zones distinctes du territoire ; le P. australis indigène est associé aux bas marais et à des zones où l'influence anthropique est faible, tandis que le P. australis exotique se trouve près des routes et dans les milieux plus secs. Les perturbations au milieu naturel constituent des foyers d'invasion propices à l'haplotype exotique qui semble tolérer un éventail de conditions environnementales plus large que l'haplotype indigène. La modélisation des patrons d'expansion de l'haplotype a démontré que celui-ci pourrait surpasser en couverture l'haplotype indigène d'ici 10 ans, en raison de son association à un vaste éventail de conditions environnementales. Cette progression de l'haplotype exotique pourrait réduire la valeur de conservation du milieu humide et intensifier la compétition avec les colonies indigènes de P. australis.
author2 Sylvie de Blois (Supervisor)
author_facet Sylvie de Blois (Supervisor)
Taddeo, Sophie
author Taddeo, Sophie
author_sort Taddeo, Sophie
title Spatially explicit tools to assess invasion risks by Phragmites australis in freshwater wetlands
title_short Spatially explicit tools to assess invasion risks by Phragmites australis in freshwater wetlands
title_full Spatially explicit tools to assess invasion risks by Phragmites australis in freshwater wetlands
title_fullStr Spatially explicit tools to assess invasion risks by Phragmites australis in freshwater wetlands
title_full_unstemmed Spatially explicit tools to assess invasion risks by Phragmites australis in freshwater wetlands
title_sort spatially explicit tools to assess invasion risks by phragmites australis in freshwater wetlands
publisher McGill University
publishDate 2011
url http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103660
work_keys_str_mv AT taddeosophie spatiallyexplicittoolstoassessinvasionrisksbyphragmitesaustralisinfreshwaterwetlands
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spelling ndltd-LACETR-oai-collectionscanada.gc.ca-QMM.1036602014-02-13T03:53:05ZSpatially explicit tools to assess invasion risks by Phragmites australis in freshwater wetlandsTaddeo, SophieHealth And Environmental Sciences - Environmental SciencesThe rapid progression of an exotic haplotype of common reed (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.) in North America is associated with a decline in the plant diversity of wetlands and possibly threatens native haplotypes of Phragmites australis. As prevention is a better strategy than control, a spatially-explicit approach was developed to predict the risk of invasion by the exotic P. australis and its potential impact on a native haplotype. Focusing on a protected wetland of Quebec, Canada where the two haplotypes occur, this study specifically aimed to: 1) compare and contrast the current spatial distribution of the two haplotypes in relation to landscape and land use/land cover variables, and 2) predict, using spatially-explicit models, the potential expansion patterns of the exotic and native P. australis. Results showed that the native P. australis was currently more frequent than the exotic P. australis. At this stage of invasion, native and exotic P. australis still occupied distinct parts of the territory, the native one being associated more with low marsh and areas of lesser human impacts, the exotic one being closer to roads or associated with drier land covers. Perturbations to the natural environment provided invasion foci for the exotic P. australis which is more tolerant to disturbances than the native one. The current distribution of invasion foci of exotic P. australis and its association to a broad range of conditions resulted in predicted expansion patterns where the cover of the exotic P. australis could potentially surpass the cover of the native P. australis within 10 years. This could lower the conservation value of the protected wetland and increase the competition with native colonies of P. australis where the two haplotypes intersect.La progression d'un haplotype exotique du roseau commun (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin ex Steud.) en Amérique du nord réduit la diversité végétale des milieux humides en plus de menacer les haplotypes indigènes de Phragmites australis. La prévention étant plus efficace que le contrôle, une approche spatialement explicite visant à prédire les risques d'invasion par l'haplotype exotique et son impact sur un haplotype indigène a été développée. Cette étude conduite dans un marais protégé du Québec (Canada) visait à : 1) comparer et expliquer la distribution spatiale actuelle de ces deux haplotypes sur la base de leur relation à des variables de couverture/utilisation du sol et du paysage et 2) prédire à partir de modèles spatialement explicites les patrons d'expansion futures des haplotypes exotique et indigène de P. australis. À ce stade-ci de l'invasion, les haplotypes occupent des zones distinctes du territoire ; le P. australis indigène est associé aux bas marais et à des zones où l'influence anthropique est faible, tandis que le P. australis exotique se trouve près des routes et dans les milieux plus secs. Les perturbations au milieu naturel constituent des foyers d'invasion propices à l'haplotype exotique qui semble tolérer un éventail de conditions environnementales plus large que l'haplotype indigène. La modélisation des patrons d'expansion de l'haplotype a démontré que celui-ci pourrait surpasser en couverture l'haplotype indigène d'ici 10 ans, en raison de son association à un vaste éventail de conditions environnementales. Cette progression de l'haplotype exotique pourrait réduire la valeur de conservation du milieu humide et intensifier la compétition avec les colonies indigènes de P. australis.McGill UniversitySylvie de Blois (Supervisor)2011Electronic Thesis or Dissertationapplication/pdfenElectronically-submitted theses.All items in eScholarship@McGill are protected by copyright with all rights reserved unless otherwise indicated.Master of Science (Department of Plant Science) http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103660