Comparison between hemosiderin and technetium-99 in the identification of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior === Introduction and objective: Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) has currently replaced axillary dissection in early-stage breast cancer in clinically tumor-free patients. Technetium-99 (99Tc) is the gold standard for the identification of...

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Main Author: Paulo Henrique DiÃgenes Vasques
Other Authors: Luiz Gonzaga Porto Pinheiro
Format: Others
Language:Portuguese
Published: Universidade Federal do Cearà 2016
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16007
id ndltd-IBICT-oai-www.teses.ufc.br-10553
record_format oai_dc
collection NDLTD
language Portuguese
format Others
sources NDLTD
topic CIRURGIA
spellingShingle CIRURGIA
Paulo Henrique DiÃgenes Vasques
Comparison between hemosiderin and technetium-99 in the identification of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer
description CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior === Introduction and objective: Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) has currently replaced axillary dissection in early-stage breast cancer in clinically tumor-free patients. Technetium-99 (99Tc) is the gold standard for the identification of Breast Sentinel Lymph Node (SLN). Blue dyes are a less expensive and widely used option in Brazil. These dyes are responsible for several adverse and hypersensitivity reactions that â although rare â can put patientsâ lives at risk. There is an interest in the discovery of new equivalent substances with less side effects than those used in SLNB. This research assesses the safety and equivalence of the use of hemosiderin in SLNB in breast cancer compared to technetium-99 (99Tc). Hemosiderin is a hemoglobin derivate identified in a preclinical trial that has proven to be effective in the SLNB of female dogsâ breasts. The aim of this research is to assess the safety and potential equivalence of the use of hemosiderin in SLNB in human breast compared to the 99Tc. Method: The experiments took place in the period from September 2011 to September 2013. Patients were selected from the Mastology Service of the MEAC/HC/UFC and included 14 volunteer women with breast cancer with primary tumors (T1/T2) and clinically tumor-free axilla who were submitted to SLNB using hemosiderin, produced based on an aseptic hemolysate obtained from autologous blood, injected in the periareolar region 24h before surgery on an outpatient basis. 0.5 mCi of 99Tc was also injected in the subareolar region in the immediate preoperative period. Patients underwent breast MRI and mammary scintigraphy. In the operating room, patients â under general anesthesia â were submitted to SLNB, with incision in the axillary fold guided by Gamma-Probe and dissection by planes until the identification of the point of maximum uptake of 99Tc, identifying the marked sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) and their colors. Breast procedure was defined based on the correlation of the size and location of primary tumor and the axilla procedure was performed based on the presence or not of SLN metastasis. All surgical specimens were sent for pathological and immunohistochemical study. Results: There were no side effects, allergic reactions, surgical infection or toxicity related to the method applied. The conocordance rate between hemosiderin and 99Tc was 100%. The sensitivity and accuracy of hemosiderin was 100%. An incidental finding refers to magnetic properties of axillary lymph nodes (ALN) identified as an hypersignal in the NMR with hemosiderin in 100% of the exams. In two of four cases with positive SLN on histopathology, the image of the NMR with hemosiderin suggested neoplastic involvement of the marked lymph node. Conclusion: Hemosiderin proved to be an efficient and safe dye that is equivalent to 99Tc in breast SLNB. === IntroduÃÃo e objetivo: Atualmente, a Biopsia do Linfonodo Sentinela (BLS) substitui o esvaziamento axilar no estadiamento do cÃncer de mama inicial com axila clinicamente negativa. O tecnÃcio 99 (Tc99) à o padrÃo ouro para identificaÃÃo do Linfonodo Sentinela (LS) da mama. Os corantes azuis sÃo uma opÃÃo menos onerosa e mais difundida no Brasil. Estes corantes sÃo responsÃveis pelas reaÃÃes adversas e de hipersensibilidade que, embora raras, podem pÃr em risco à vida dos pacientes. Hà interesse na descoberta de novas substÃncias equivalentes e com menores efeitos colaterais Ãs usadas na BLS. Aqui se avaliam a seguranÃa e a equivalÃncia do uso da hemossiderina, em comparaÃÃo ao tecnÃcio 99 (Tc99) na BLS no cÃncer de mama. A hemossiderina à um derivado da hemoglobina, identificada em estudo prÃ-clÃnico, que se mostrou eficaz na BLS da mama da cadela. O objetivo desta pesquisa à avaliar a seguranÃa e a potencial equivalÃncia do uso da hemossiderina em comparaÃÃo com o Tc99 na BLS da mama humana. MÃtodo: Os experimentos ocorreram no perÃodo de setembro de 2011 a setembro de 2013. As pacientes selecionadas no ServiÃo de Mastologia da MEAC/HC/UFC, foram 14 mulheres, voluntÃrias, portadoras de cÃncer de mama, com tumores iniciais (T1/T2) e axila clinicamente negativa, que se submeteram a BLS, utilizando hemossiderina, produzida com base em um hemolisado, assÃptico, obtido de sangue autÃlogo, injetada na regiÃo subareolar, ambulatorialmente, 24h antes da cirurgia. No prÃ-operatorio imediato, injetou-se, tambÃm, na regiÃo subareolar, 0,5mci de Tc99. As pacientes foram submetidas a ressonÃncia magnÃtica das mamas, e a cintilografia mamÃria. No Centro CirÃrgico, as pacientes sob anestesia geral realizaram a BLS com incisÃo na prega axilar, guiada pelo gamma-probe, dissecÃÃo por planos atà a identificaÃÃo de ponto de captaÃÃo mÃxima do Tc99, identificando-se o Linfonodo Sentinela (LS) marcado e a sua coloraÃÃo. O procedimento da mama foi definido em correlaÃÃo com o tamanho e localizaÃÃo do tumor primÃrio e a conduta em relaÃÃo à axila em funÃÃo da presenÃa ou ausÃncia de metÃstase no LS. Toda peÃa cirÃrgica foi encaminhada à avaliaÃÃo anatomopatolÃgica e imunohistoquÃmica. Resultados: NÃo foram observados efeitos colaterais, reaÃÃes alÃrgicas, infecÃÃo cirÃrgica ou toxicidade relacionados ao mÃtodo empregado. A taxa de concordÃncia entre a hemosiderina e o Tc99 foi de 100%. A sensibilidade e acurÃcia da hemossiderina foi 100%. Um achado incidental foi o magnetismo dos linfonodos axilares (LA) identificados como hipersinal à RNM com hemossiderina em 100% dos exames. Em dois de quatro casos de LS positivos na histopatologia, a imagem da RNM com hemossiderina sugeria comprometimento neoplÃsico do linfonodo marcado. ConclusÃo: A hemossiderina se mostrou um corante eficiente, seguro e equivalente ao TecnÃcio 99 na BLS da mama
author2 Luiz Gonzaga Porto Pinheiro
author_facet Luiz Gonzaga Porto Pinheiro
Paulo Henrique DiÃgenes Vasques
author Paulo Henrique DiÃgenes Vasques
author_sort Paulo Henrique DiÃgenes Vasques
title Comparison between hemosiderin and technetium-99 in the identification of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer
title_short Comparison between hemosiderin and technetium-99 in the identification of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer
title_full Comparison between hemosiderin and technetium-99 in the identification of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer
title_fullStr Comparison between hemosiderin and technetium-99 in the identification of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer
title_full_unstemmed Comparison between hemosiderin and technetium-99 in the identification of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer
title_sort comparison between hemosiderin and technetium-99 in the identification of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer
publisher Universidade Federal do CearÃ
publishDate 2016
url http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16007
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spelling ndltd-IBICT-oai-www.teses.ufc.br-105532019-01-21T23:08:10Z Comparison between hemosiderin and technetium-99 in the identification of sentinel lymph node in breast cancer ComparaÃÃo da hemossiderina com o tecnÃcio-99 na identificaÃÃo do linfonodo sentinela do cÃncer de mama Paulo Henrique DiÃgenes Vasques Luiz Gonzaga Porto Pinheiro Francisco das Chagas Medeiros LÃcia LibanÃz Bessa Campelo Braga Renato Santos de Oliveira Filho LEONARDO ROBSON PINHEIRO SOBREIRA BEZERRA CIRURGIA CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior Introduction and objective: Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) has currently replaced axillary dissection in early-stage breast cancer in clinically tumor-free patients. Technetium-99 (99Tc) is the gold standard for the identification of Breast Sentinel Lymph Node (SLN). Blue dyes are a less expensive and widely used option in Brazil. These dyes are responsible for several adverse and hypersensitivity reactions that â although rare â can put patientsâ lives at risk. There is an interest in the discovery of new equivalent substances with less side effects than those used in SLNB. This research assesses the safety and equivalence of the use of hemosiderin in SLNB in breast cancer compared to technetium-99 (99Tc). Hemosiderin is a hemoglobin derivate identified in a preclinical trial that has proven to be effective in the SLNB of female dogsâ breasts. The aim of this research is to assess the safety and potential equivalence of the use of hemosiderin in SLNB in human breast compared to the 99Tc. Method: The experiments took place in the period from September 2011 to September 2013. Patients were selected from the Mastology Service of the MEAC/HC/UFC and included 14 volunteer women with breast cancer with primary tumors (T1/T2) and clinically tumor-free axilla who were submitted to SLNB using hemosiderin, produced based on an aseptic hemolysate obtained from autologous blood, injected in the periareolar region 24h before surgery on an outpatient basis. 0.5 mCi of 99Tc was also injected in the subareolar region in the immediate preoperative period. Patients underwent breast MRI and mammary scintigraphy. In the operating room, patients â under general anesthesia â were submitted to SLNB, with incision in the axillary fold guided by Gamma-Probe and dissection by planes until the identification of the point of maximum uptake of 99Tc, identifying the marked sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) and their colors. Breast procedure was defined based on the correlation of the size and location of primary tumor and the axilla procedure was performed based on the presence or not of SLN metastasis. All surgical specimens were sent for pathological and immunohistochemical study. Results: There were no side effects, allergic reactions, surgical infection or toxicity related to the method applied. The conocordance rate between hemosiderin and 99Tc was 100%. The sensitivity and accuracy of hemosiderin was 100%. An incidental finding refers to magnetic properties of axillary lymph nodes (ALN) identified as an hypersignal in the NMR with hemosiderin in 100% of the exams. In two of four cases with positive SLN on histopathology, the image of the NMR with hemosiderin suggested neoplastic involvement of the marked lymph node. Conclusion: Hemosiderin proved to be an efficient and safe dye that is equivalent to 99Tc in breast SLNB. IntroduÃÃo e objetivo: Atualmente, a Biopsia do Linfonodo Sentinela (BLS) substitui o esvaziamento axilar no estadiamento do cÃncer de mama inicial com axila clinicamente negativa. O tecnÃcio 99 (Tc99) à o padrÃo ouro para identificaÃÃo do Linfonodo Sentinela (LS) da mama. Os corantes azuis sÃo uma opÃÃo menos onerosa e mais difundida no Brasil. Estes corantes sÃo responsÃveis pelas reaÃÃes adversas e de hipersensibilidade que, embora raras, podem pÃr em risco à vida dos pacientes. Hà interesse na descoberta de novas substÃncias equivalentes e com menores efeitos colaterais Ãs usadas na BLS. Aqui se avaliam a seguranÃa e a equivalÃncia do uso da hemossiderina, em comparaÃÃo ao tecnÃcio 99 (Tc99) na BLS no cÃncer de mama. A hemossiderina à um derivado da hemoglobina, identificada em estudo prÃ-clÃnico, que se mostrou eficaz na BLS da mama da cadela. O objetivo desta pesquisa à avaliar a seguranÃa e a potencial equivalÃncia do uso da hemossiderina em comparaÃÃo com o Tc99 na BLS da mama humana. MÃtodo: Os experimentos ocorreram no perÃodo de setembro de 2011 a setembro de 2013. As pacientes selecionadas no ServiÃo de Mastologia da MEAC/HC/UFC, foram 14 mulheres, voluntÃrias, portadoras de cÃncer de mama, com tumores iniciais (T1/T2) e axila clinicamente negativa, que se submeteram a BLS, utilizando hemossiderina, produzida com base em um hemolisado, assÃptico, obtido de sangue autÃlogo, injetada na regiÃo subareolar, ambulatorialmente, 24h antes da cirurgia. No prÃ-operatorio imediato, injetou-se, tambÃm, na regiÃo subareolar, 0,5mci de Tc99. As pacientes foram submetidas a ressonÃncia magnÃtica das mamas, e a cintilografia mamÃria. No Centro CirÃrgico, as pacientes sob anestesia geral realizaram a BLS com incisÃo na prega axilar, guiada pelo gamma-probe, dissecÃÃo por planos atà a identificaÃÃo de ponto de captaÃÃo mÃxima do Tc99, identificando-se o Linfonodo Sentinela (LS) marcado e a sua coloraÃÃo. O procedimento da mama foi definido em correlaÃÃo com o tamanho e localizaÃÃo do tumor primÃrio e a conduta em relaÃÃo à axila em funÃÃo da presenÃa ou ausÃncia de metÃstase no LS. Toda peÃa cirÃrgica foi encaminhada à avaliaÃÃo anatomopatolÃgica e imunohistoquÃmica. Resultados: NÃo foram observados efeitos colaterais, reaÃÃes alÃrgicas, infecÃÃo cirÃrgica ou toxicidade relacionados ao mÃtodo empregado. A taxa de concordÃncia entre a hemosiderina e o Tc99 foi de 100%. A sensibilidade e acurÃcia da hemossiderina foi 100%. Um achado incidental foi o magnetismo dos linfonodos axilares (LA) identificados como hipersinal à RNM com hemossiderina em 100% dos exames. Em dois de quatro casos de LS positivos na histopatologia, a imagem da RNM com hemossiderina sugeria comprometimento neoplÃsico do linfonodo marcado. ConclusÃo: A hemossiderina se mostrou um corante eficiente, seguro e equivalente ao TecnÃcio 99 na BLS da mama 2016-01-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16007 por info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess application/pdf Universidade Federal do Cearà Programa de PÃs-GraduaÃÃo em Cirurgia UFC BR reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFC instname:Universidade Federal do Ceará instacron:UFC