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Previous issue date: 2018-03-27 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES === The present dissertation contains two essays about implications of international trade on labor market. In the first essay the aim is to find correlations between medium wage of firms and the fact of these firms export or not. It was intend to answer if medium wage of exporting firms differentiate from the not exporter ones, if the level of education of the human capital of the firms play a hole on the premiums for export and if the level of development of the destiny of the exportations imply in any way the magnitude of these premiums. Results showed that there is a wage premium for export in firms that send its production to high developed countries. To the other categories of development, there is a correlation between major levels of education of the human capital of the firms and exporting to high competition markets analyzes the impact of international trade on the differential of wages between genders in Brazil. The second essay objectives to seek evidence of contribution of the fact that a firm is in the international market (through the export of its products) to soften the existing gender wage-gap in Brazil. Purposed to answer if the gender wage differential in the exporting firms is smaller than the one presented in the firms focused on the domestic market and if there are differences with respect to the level of development of the destination country of export, samples from all the twenty-six states of Brazil, in addition to the sample of the Federal District, were analyzed. The evidence pointed out that the exporting firms shows a larger gender wage-gap than the firms that sell only to the domestic market. Not even firms that export only to developed countries presented a decreased gender wage-gap. === Esta disserta??o apresenta dois ensaios acerca de rela??es do com?rcio internacional com o mercado de trabalho. No primeiro ensaio, o objetivo ? encontrar correla??es entre sal?rios m?dios de firmas, no Rio Grande do Sul, e o fato destas exportarem ou n?o os seus produtos. Buscou-se responder se os sal?rios m?dios das firmas exportadoras se diferenciam das que n?o participam do mercado internacional, se o n?vel de capital humano da firma tem influ?ncia sobre os poss?veis ganhos e se h? diferen?as com respeito ao pa?s de destino da exporta??o. Os resultados mostraram haver um pr?mio salarial para firmas que exportam para pa?ses desenvolvidos. Para os demais tipos de destino h? correla??o entre maiores n?veis de capital humano e o fato de a firma exportar para mercados com maior grau de competi??o. No segundo ensaio, analisa-se o impacto do com?rcio internacional no diferencial de sal?rios entre g?neros no Brasil. O objetivo ? buscar evid?ncias de contribui??o do fato de uma firma estar no mercado internacional (atrav?s da exporta??o) em amenizar a diferen?a salarial relacionada ao g?nero do trabalhador. Foram analisadas amostras separadas nos vinte e seis Estados do Brasil, al?m da amostra do Distrito Federal, e buscou-se responder se o diferencial de sal?rios nas firmas exportadoras ? menor do que o apresentado nas firmas voltadas ao mercado dom?stico. Ainda, verificou-se a possibilidade de haver diferen?as com respeito ao pa?s de destino da exporta??o. As evid?ncias apontaram que as firmas exportadoras apresentam diferencial de sal?rios ainda mais significativo do que as companhias voltadas para o mercado interno. Nem mesmo as firmas que exportam somente para pa?ses desenvolvidos apresentaram diferencial menos desfavor?vel ?s mulheres.
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