Avalia??o da utiliza??o de microcosmos como ferramenta de an?lise da efic?cia de biomonitoramento no controle de vazamento de CO2

• Main Author: Licks, Leticia Azambuja dos Santos
• Other Authors: Iglesias, Rodrigo Sebastian
• Format: Others
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul 2018
• Subjects: Biomonitoramento; Solo em Colunas; Ensaios em Microcosmos; Vazamento de CO2; Biomonitoring; Soil Column; Microcosms; CO2 Leakage; ENGENHARIAS
• Online Access: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/8206

Submitted by PPG Engenharia e Tecnologia de Materiais ([e-mail]) on 2018-07-10T19:17:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TESELL_5jul.pdf: 8671551 bytes, checksum: c59b1fb1df38a655609d9a3ce6cd7d50 (MD5) === Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias ([e-mail]) on 2018-07-13T20:27:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TESELL_5jul.pdf: 8671551 bytes, checksum: c59b1fb1df38a655609d9a3ce6cd7d50 (MD5) === Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-13T20:37:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESELL_5jul.pdf: 8671551 bytes, checksum: c59b1fb1df38a655609d9a3ce6cd7d50 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-16 === The climate changes associated with the increase of greenhouse gases emissions to the atmosphere stand out as one of the greatest current environmental concerns. Extensive research is being conducted in order to reduce the amount of emissions and their impact on climate. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the main greenhouse gas contributing to this problem. Therefore, it is increasingly important to find solutions to reduce CO2 levels in the atmosphere. Among the feasible techniques to reduce these emissions is the geological storage, which consists of injecting large amounts of this gas into deep underground geological formations. To be effective, CO2 must be trapped in these deep geological formations for at least several centuries. In this context, monitoring of CO2 leakages and seepages to sensitive environments is a key step in the process. Research on monitoring and verification of CO2 leakages in shallow environments are carried out in large areas prepared for controlled injection and leakage of this gas, this techniques for its detection are hard and expensive. In this sense, this study aims to verify the use of microcosms as a biomonitoring tool to control CO2 leakage by conducting controlled injections of CO2 into continuous flow columns under different experimental conditions. For this, physical, chemical and microbiological analyzes were performed in the soil before, during and after percolation of CO2 in the column. These parameters were also analyzed with in situ soil samples. Based on statistical methods at the end of the study, it was observed that the design of the columns was suitable, however, the chosen parameters were insufficient to determine the influence of CO2 on the proposed test conditions. === As mudan?as clim?ticas associadas ? intensifica??o do efeito estufa est?o entre as maiores preocupa??es ambientais atuais. Muita pesquisa tem sido realizada com o intuito de reduzir o impacto dos gases associados ao efeito estufa, dentre eles o di?xido de carbono (CO2). Devido ? grande contribui??o do CO2 para o aquecimento global, ? cada vez mais importante a realiza??o de estudos que visem a diminui??o de seus n?veis na atmosfera. Entre as t?cnicas vi?veis para conter estas emiss?es est? o armazenamento geol?gico de carbono, que consiste em injetar quantidades significativas deste g?s em forma??es geol?gicas. No entanto, para ser efetiva, o CO2 deve ficar retido nestas forma??es geol?gicas profundas, n?o retornando a superf?cie a longo prazo. Assim, o monitoramento de vazamentos de CO2 ? uma etapa fundamental no processo de armazenamento geol?gico. Estes estudos usualmente s?o realizados em ?reas extensas preparadas para testes controlados de inje??o e vazamento de g?s (geralmente trabalhosos e dispendiosos). Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a utiliza??o de microcosmos como ferramenta de biomonitoramento no controle de vazamento de CO2, realizando inje??es controladas de CO2 em colunas de fluxo cont?nuo em diferentes condi??es experimentais. Foram realizadas an?lises f?sico qu?micas e microbiol?gicas no solo antes, durante e ap?s a percola??o de CO2 na coluna. Esses par?metros tamb?m foram comparados com amostras do solo in situ. Com base em m?todos estat?sticos no fim do estudo foi observado que o projeto das colunas foi adequado, no entanto, os par?metros escolhidos foram insuficientes para determinar a influ?ncia do CO2 nas condi??es de ensaio proposta.