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Previous issue date: 2017-08-08 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES === This dissertation intended to analyze the conception and effectuation of the democratic management in municipal schools of the Elementary School in Porto Alegre/RS in 2016. Thus, we present the theoretical conceptions that ground the democratic management. In what follows, we talk about its legal setup and, finally, its social practices. This study performs a qualitative research based on the Historical and Dialectical Materialism as a method for the investigation of reality. We developed two types of research, first, a documental research (by analyzing the legislations that define and regulate the democratic management in schools in federal and municipal scopes between the years of 1988 to 2016); and second, an empirical research (we collected data from three schools defined at random). The interviewed subjects were the representatives of each segment that compounds the school board: teachers, employees, students and their parents, and the director of each school. Based on the realized reflections, we came up with the following results: the democratic management is conceived as a horizontal process enabling the interference of employees and users in the decisions, which makes participation the main management resource. However, its effectiveness is limited by the needs of reproduction of the capitalist way of production. Thus, the insufficiency and/or absence of available resources (human and financial materials) is one of the main challenges in the process of democratization in the education policy. === A presente disserta??o buscou analisar a concep??o e a efetiva??o da gest?o democr?tica nas escolas municipais de Ensino Fundamental em Porto Alegre/RS no ano de 2016. Desse modo, apresenta, num primeiro momento, as concep??es te?ricas que fundamentam a gest?o democr?tica. Em seguida, aborda-se sua configura??o legal e, por fim, suas pr?ticas sociais. Este estudo, de natureza qualitativa se pautou no Materialismo Hist?rico e Dial?tico enquanto m?todo para a compreens?o da realidade. Foi desenvolvida pesquisa documental (atrav?s da an?lise de legisla??es que definem e regulamentam a gest?o democr?tica nas escolas em ?mbito federal e municipal no per?odo de 1988 a 2016); e pesquisa emp?rica (cuja coleta de dados foi realizada em tr?s escolas, definidas por sorteio). Os sujeitos entrevistados foram as (os) representantes de cada segmento que comp?em o Conselho Escolar: professoras (es), funcion?rias (os), estudantes e pais/m?es e o (a) diretor(a) de cada escola. Com base nas reflex?es realizadas, chegou-se aos seguintes resultados: em linhas gerais, a gest?o democr?tica ? concebida como um processo mais horizontalizado, por possibilitar a interfer?ncia de trabalhadoras (es) e usu?rias (os) nas decis?es, constituindo-se, a participa??o como principal recurso gerencial. Entretanto, sua efetiva??o ? limitada pelas necessidades de reprodu??o do modo de produ??o capitalista. Nesse sentido, a insufici?ncia e/ou aus?ncia de recursos dispon?veis (materiais, humanos e financeiros), constituem-se como uns dos principais desafios do processo de democratiza??o na pol?tica educacional.
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