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Previous issue date: 2016-10-28 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES === This is a master?s thesis defended at the Postgraduate Program in Criminal Sciences of the School of Law of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, related to the concentration area "Criminal System and Violence", and more specifically, to the line research project "Contemporary Legal-Criminal Systems", under the guidance of Prof. Dr. Augusto Jobim do Amaral and referring to his research group "Resignations of Brazilian criminal procedural authoritarianism". The purpose of this study is to study the rationale, which, in 1988, the motivation before a technical element of judicial decisions, received constitutional treatment, and high real fundamental procedural rule, similar to what happened in other countries. Such was the importance attached to this rule which was a consequence of restraint applied in case of violation: it?s nullity. However, this standard was not enough that the main problem were to be resolved: when a decision can be considered justified? The doctrine was not about unison, while the jurisprudence was dispersed. Thus, it was necessary to seek a normative parameter to try to find answers to this question. Under criminal procedural law, it was decided by his notion of constitutional instrumentality because the process would be the means of giving maximum efficiency guarantees the accused, among which the security chief motivation. Thus it would be necessary to review all the literature on the subject under this new approach, both in the constitutional sphere and technical, as well as re-examine, especially the theories found in the doctrine that established formulas for setting the lack of motivation. At the end, the study of the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court was necessary so that one could see the judicial understanding of the Court on this fundamental rule, in order to compare the adequacy and reception of the doctrine by the judiciary, always focusing on the specifics of the criminal procedure. === Trata-se de disserta??o de mestrado defendida junto ao Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Criminais da Escola de Direito da Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, relacionada ? ?rea de concentra??o ?Sistema Penal e Viol?ncia?, e mais especificamente, ? linha de pesquisa ?Sistemas Jur?dico-Penais Contempor?neos?, a cargo da orienta??o do Prof. Dr. Augusto Jobim do Amaral e referente ao seu grupo de pesquisa ?Ressignifica??es do autoritarismo processual penal brasileiro?. Este trabalho tem como objeto de estudo a fundamenta??o, que, em 1988, antes um elemento t?cnico das decis?es judiciais, recebeu tratamento constitucional, sendo elevada a verdadeira garantia processual fundamental, semelhante ao que ocorreu em outros pa?ses. Tamanha foi a import?ncia atribu?da a essa garantia que foi cominada uma consequ?ncia em caso de viola??o: a nulidade do ato. Por?m, essa norma n?o foi suficiente para que o principal problema viesse a ser resolvido: quando uma decis?o pode ser considerada fundamentada? A doutrina n?o era un?ssona a respeito, enquanto que a jurisprud?ncia era dispersa. Assim, era preciso se buscar um par?metro normativo para se tentar encontrar respostas a essa pergunta. No ?mbito do direito processual penal, optou-se pela sua no??o de instrumentalidade constitucional, porque o processo seria o meio de conferir m?xima efic?cia ?s garantias do acusado, dentre as quais a garantia-m?e da fundamenta??o. Dessa forma, seria preciso se rever toda a literatura acerca do tema sob esse novo enfoque, tanto na esfera constitucional quanto t?cnica, bem como se reanalisar, especialmente, as teorias encontradas na doutrina que estabeleciam f?rmulas para a configura??o da aus?ncia de fundamenta??o. Ao fim, o estudo da jurisprud?ncia do Supremo Tribunal Federal se fez necess?rio para que se pudesse visualizar a compreens?o judicial da Corte sobre essa norma fundamental, a fim de comparar a adequa??o e recep??o da doutrina pelo Poder Judici?rio, sempre com foco nas especificidades do processo penal.
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