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Previous issue date: 2016-03-31 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES === This thesis analysis the practices of legal agents, of the adolescents accused of juvenile proceedings and their relatives during the hearings at CIACA and at the 3rd Juvenile Court, in the Porto Alegre juvenile court. In addition, it seeks to understand how the production of truth is done in this system of juvenile justice. The focus of the analysis relies on the exercise of power and resistance by the social actors in the hearings, trying to understand how the dimensions of ethics and the fluidity of the ?victim? category by the actors allow to access the characteristics of the juvenile justice operation. Through the entry in the field journal and systematic observation of the Porto Alegre juvenile justice hearings, it was possible to note that the production of truth happens as of the interactions between the actors in the hearings through the exercise of the power by the legal agents and of the resistance by the adolescents accused and their relatives. The study shows that the performance of these actors is oriented by opposed ethics confronting and reconciling each other and by a double perception of the legal agents and of State of the ?victim? figure associated with the accused adolescent. The ethics, which conducts the acting of the legal agents in the exercise of power, aims to internalize in the adolescents the model of life assumed as healthy, good and correct by those professionals. The ethics, which conducts the performances of resistance of the adolescents and their relatives to the power exercised by the legal agents, are based on the belief that the physical violence and practice of illegal acts are tools of social mediation able to grant them safety, possessions, prestige and acceptance towards their partners and rival groups. The confession is the tool enabling the ethical agreement between legal agents and the adolescents, because it reconciles interests of both sides. Ethics dimension shows another paradox in the performance of both legal agents and state. While in the hearings of CIACA, the performance is conducted by the ethics seeking the life change of adolescents, in the hearings of PIA, it prevails ethics aiming at saving minimum conditions to the adolescents, although poor in physical, food, and emotional security. Such performances can be attributed to two distinct perceptions over the image of the ?victim? being linked to the adolescents authors of the juvenile proceedings in the broader social context: one perceives the adolescents as society?s and people?s victimizers who had their rights violated, and the other perceives the adolescents as victims of the social structures, of state actions and community actions in which they are involved in their social cultural contexts. === Esta tese analisa as pr?ticas dos agentes jur?dicos, dos adolescentes acusados da pr?tica de atos infracionais e seus familiares durante as audi?ncias no CIACA e na 3? Vara da Inf?ncia e da Juventude, na justi?a juvenil de Porto Alegre, e busca compreender as din?micas de produ??o da verdade neste sistema de justi?a juvenil. O foco de an?lise repousa no exerc?cio de poder e da resist?ncia pelos atores sociais presentes nas audi?ncias, buscando compreender como a dimens?o ?tica e a fluidez da categoria ?v?tima? permitem aceder a caracter?sticas do funcionamento da justi?a juvenil. Atrav?s do registro no di?rio de campo e da observa??o sistem?tica das audi?ncias da justi?a juvenil de Porto Alegre, foi poss?vel descrever os processos de produ??o da verdade a partir das intera??es entre os atores presentes nas audi?ncias, do exerc?cio do poder pelos agentes jur?dicos e da resist?ncia pelos adolescentes acusados e seus familiares. O estudo mostra que a act?ncia destes atores ? orientada por ?ticas opostas que se confrontam e se conciliam e por uma percep??o ambivalente dos agentes jur?dicos e de Estado acerca da figura ?v?tima? quando associada ao adolescente acusado. A ?tica que orienta as atua??es dos agentes jur?dicos no exerc?cio do poder visa introjetar nos adolescentes o modelo de vida tido como saud?vel, bom e correto por estes profissionais. A ?tica que orienta as act?ncias de resist?ncia dos adolescentes e seus familiares ao poder exercido pelos agentes jur?dicos fundamenta-se na cren?a de que a viol?ncia f?sica e a pr?tica de atos il?citos s?o instrumentos de media??o social que podem lhes garantir seguran?a, bens materiais, prest?gio e reconhecimento perante seus pares e os grupos rivais. A confiss?o ? o instrumento que torna poss?vel o acordo ?tico entre os agentes jur?dicos e os adolescentes, pois ela concilia interesses de ambos os lados. A dimens?o ?tica revela outro paradoxo na act?ncia dos agentes jur?dicos e de Estado. Se nas audi?ncias do CIACA a act?ncia ? orientada pela ?tica que busca a transforma??o da vida dos adolescentes, nas audi?ncias de PIA prevalece uma ?tica que visa resguardar condi??es m?nimas aos adolescentes, embora prec?rias, de seguran?a f?sica, alimentar e afetiva. Tais atua??es podem ser atribu?das a duas diferentes percep??es sobre a figura da ?v?tima? vinculada aos adolescentes autores de atos infracionais no contexto social mais amplo: uma percebe os adolescentes como vitimizadores da sociedade e das pessoas que tiveram seus direitos violados, e outra que percebe os adolescentes como v?timas das estruturas sociais, das a??es estatais e das rela??es comunit?rias em que est?o envolvidos nos seus contextos socioculturais.
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