Servi?o social campeando a inser??o da popula??o do campo na aten??o b?sica em sa?de nos pampas

• Main Author: Charqueiro, Leslie Tuane Penteado
• Other Authors: Bellini, Maria Isabel Barros
• Format: Others
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul 2016
• Subjects: ATEN??O PRIM?RIA ? SA?DE; POPULA??O RURAL - ASPECTOS SOCIAIS; POL?TICA DE SA?DE; SERVI?O SOCIAL; CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::SERVICO SOCIAL
• Online Access: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/6570

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS ([e-mail]) on 2016-04-06T13:21:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_LESLIE_TUANE_PENTEADO_CHARQUEIRO_COMPLETO.pdf: 2958975 bytes, checksum: 4a7418faecd62f7c0aa894222e469d3b (MD5) === Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-06T13:21:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_LESLIE_TUANE_PENTEADO_CHARQUEIRO_COMPLETO.pdf: 2958975 bytes, checksum: 4a7418faecd62f7c0aa894222e469d3b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-13 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES === Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq === This work has as its theme: The Rural Population that makes part of the Primary Health Care from rural region of Viam?o/RS and the interface with the National Policy of Integral Health of Forest and Water Populations (PNSIPCFA), in the years 2014 and 2015. This work has as its ?locus? the Primary Health Care, and as its object: the PNSIPCFA. For this work, our qualitative research involved two groups: one with ?seated? (workers who receive government land) work farmers, and one with ?not seated? work farmers (work farms owners of their land). This way, we consider their living manners and their living conditions as well as the reflections of those in their health and their inclusion in the Primary Care. In addition, we realized three interviews with Primary Care professionals and with a Primary Health Care manager. In the analysis, we realized a complementary documental research and some observations. We used the dialectical-critical method, with Marxian base, along with the following core categories of the method: historicity, contradiction, totality, mediation and work. In this context, we recognize the vital need for the expanding of health services and intersectoral services to the rural population in their territories of living and working, territories that should be "used" (SANTOS; SILVEIRA, 2006), and should be experienced in the everyday labor, and also in the public services. Those represent the space production of health, while also it produces suffering, when it faced with adversities, such as the working for and on the land, with little investment, can cause. We point out that, despite the exploitation of the workforce, of the social inequalities and of the social question to be priority for the capitalist system, we present the historical bases of the Feudalism of Middle Ages, in the contemporary reality, these expressions connect increasingly, and it reflects the health of the population. Therefore, it is necessary the discussion about the health of the rural population, in its broader concept, to contribute with the implementation of the National Policy of Integral Health of Forest and Water Populations (PNSIPCFA), in Brazil. In the survey, we identified among the specific needs of the rural population, with cutout for work farm families. The specific necessities are regarded health injuries, and some connected with multi-causal processes that affect the general population of Viam?o, such as hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, overweight, and others with specific causes, but with similar diseases, such as musculoskeletal disease and mental suffering. The latter is due to the "uprooting", the historical violation of rights in the struggle for land and in the hard work on the land, causing depression (with high rates of controlled medication) and harmful use of alcohol, as well as diseases that may be related the use of pesticides. In this way, we aim to strengthen the essentiality of agricultural production that is free of pesticides, as a matter of public health and intersectoral, especially, in Brazil, the country that most use pesticides in the world. This discussion affects, directly and indirectly, the whole population, because the farm work family, basically, feeds us. Therefore, we should plan insertion strategies in the health that meet their entirety, as well as we should contribute to their quality of life, for the quality of life of the general population. === O presente trabalho tem como tema a Popula??o do Campo inserida na Aten??o B?sica em Sa?de (AB) da regi?o rural de Viam?o/RS e a interface com a Pol?tica Nacional de Sa?de Integral das Popula??es do Campo da Floresta e das ?guas (PNSIPCFA), nos anos de 2014 e 2015. Tendo como l?cus, a Aten??o B?sica em Sa?de e como objeto a PNSIPCFA. A pesquisa qualitativa contou com dois grupos focais, sendo um, com agricultores (as) assentados (as) e um com agricultores (as) n?o assentados (as), considerando seus modos e condi??es de vida e os reflexos destes em sua sa?de e inser??o na Aten??o B?sica. Tamb?m foram realizadas tr?s entrevistas, contemplando profissionais da Aten??o B?sica que atendem essa popula??o e um (a) gestor (a) da Aten??o B?sica em Sa?de. Assim como, foi realizada pesquisa documental e observa??o participante, para complementar a an?lise. Utilizamos o m?todo dial?tico-cr?tico, com base marxiana, tendo como categorias centrais do m?todo a historicidade, contradi??o, totalidade, media??o e trabalho. Neste contexto, afirmamos a necessidade de servi?os de sa?de e intersetoriais que acompanhem esta popula??o em seus territ?rios de vida e trabalho. Territ?rios que necessitam ser ?usados? (SANTOS; SILVEIRA, 2006), vivenciados no cotidiano de trabalho vivo e em ato, tamb?m pelos servi?os p?blicos. E que representa o espa?o de produ??o de sa?de, ao passo que tamb?m produz sofrimento, quando depara-se com adversidades, como as que o trabalho pela e na terra, com pouco investimento, pode ocasionar. Salientamos ainda, que apesar da explora??o da for?a de trabalho, das desigualdades sociais e portanto, da pr?pria quest?o social, ser anterior ao sistema capitalista, como apresentamos ao retomar as bases hist?ricas do feudalismo da Idade M?dia, na realidade contempor?nea, estas express?es se acirram cada vez mais, refletindo na sa?de da popula??o. Portanto, a necess?ria discuss?o sobre a sa?de da popula??o do campo, em seu conceito ampliado, visando contribuir com a implementa??o da Pol?tica Nacional de Sa?de Integral das Popula??es do Campo, Florestas e ?guas (PNSIPCFA) no Brasil. Na pesquisa identificamos entre as necessidades espec?ficas desta popula??o, com recorte para a agricultura familiar, referentes a agravos em sa?de, sendo que alguns v?o ao encontro dos processos multicausais que afetam a popula??o em geral do munic?pio, como hipertens?o, cardiopatias, diabetes e sobrepeso, outros com causas espec?ficas, mas com agravos semelhantes, como: osteomusculares, sofrimento mental decorrente do ?desenraizamento?, hist?rico de viola??es de direitos na luta pela terra e o trabalho ?rduo na terra, como: depress?o (altos ?ndices de uso de medica??o controlada) e uso prejudicial de bebida alco?lica, assim como agravos que podem estar relacionados ao uso de agrot?xicos. Desta forma, buscamos refor?ar a essencialidade da produ??o agr?cola livre de agrot?xicos, como uma quest?o de sa?de p?blica e intersetorial, principalmente no Brasil, pa?s que mais o usa no mundo. Uma discuss?o que afeta direta e indiretamente toda popula??o, pois ? a agricultura familiar que basicamente nos alimenta. Portanto, planejar estrat?gias de inser??o na sa?de que atenda sua integralidade, contribui para al?m de sua qualidade de vida, para a qualidade de vida da popula??o em geral.