S?ntese integrada em condi??es brandas de ze?litas 4A e NaP1, a partir de cinzas de carv?o, para o uso em detergente e descontamina??o ambiental

• Main Author: Cardoso, Ariela Milbrath
• Other Authors: Pires, Mar?al Jos? Rodrigues
• Format: Others
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul 2015
• Subjects: QU?MICA INDUSTRIAL; RES?DUOS INDUSTRIAIS; CINZAS DE CARV?O; ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS
• Online Access: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/3209

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:58:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 440622.pdf: 2553977 bytes, checksum: b11f8c29e33dc22a9196a011c9531918 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-31 === The main use of coal is the generation of electricity, which represents 41% of all electricity generated in the world. Coal burning power plants in the southern states of Brazil produce 3.0x106 tons of ash per year. The present work aims the integrated synthesis of zeolites NaP1 and 4A under mild conditions using coal fly ash as raw material. These zeolites present industrial and environmental applications of great importance for the country, aiming at the minimization of environmental impacts and waste generated. For the synthesis of zeolites hydrothermal process was carried out with different concentrations of the NaOH in low cost glass reactor. The liquid/solid ratio, temperature, sources of aluminum, among other factors, was also investigated. Several techniques were used, to characterize the synthesized zeolite, such as SEM, XRD, XRF, CEC, among others. The best zeolitic products were used in the effluents treatment. Under the conditions used in this study NaP1 and 4A zeolites were obtained with CEC values of 2.5 and 4.5 meq g-1, respectively, indicating high conversions. The zeolite NaP1 proved been highly efficient in removing Mn and NH4+, from Acid Mine Drainage and Swine manure effluents, respectively, within the emission limits imposed by legislation. The results of this study indicate that the zeolite 4A is could be used in replacement of the polyphosphate in detergents. === O principal uso do carv?o ? a gera??o de eletricidade, o que representa 41% de toda a eletricidade gerada no mundo. A combust?o do carv?o nas usinas dos estados do sul do Brasil gera 3,0x106 toneladas de cinzas por ano. O presente trabalho visa a s?ntese integrada de ze?litas NaP1 e 4 A em condi??es brandas, utilizando cinzas volantes de carv?o como mat?ria-prima. Estas ze?litas apresentam aplica??es industriais e ambientais de grande import?ncia para o pa?s, visando a minimiza??o dos impactos ambientais e os res?duos gerados. Para a s?ntese das ze?litas foi realizado processo hidrot?rmico com diferentes concentra??es de NaOH em reator de vidro de baixo custo. A rela??o L/S, temperatura, as fontes de alum?nio, entre outros fatores, tamb?m foram investigados. V?rias t?cnicas foram utilizadas, para caracterizar as ze?litas sintetizadas, tais como MEV, DRX, FRX, CTC, entre outras. Os melhores produtos zeol?ticos foram utilizados no tratamento de efluentes. Sob as condi??es utilizadas neste estudo as ze?litas NaP1 e 4 A foram obtidas com valores de CTC de 2,5 e 4,5 meq g-1, respectivamente, indicando convers?es elevadas. A ze?lita NaP1 provou ser altamente eficiente na remo??o de Mn e NH4+, de drenagem ?cida de mina e efluentes de dejetos su?nos, respectivamente, dentro do limites de emiss?es impostos pela legisla??o. Os resultados deste estudo indicaram que a ze?lita 4 A pode ser utilizada em substitui??o dos polifosfatos na formula??o de detergentes.