Raz?es de torque dos m?sculos do tornozelo de indiv?duos esp?sticos decorrentes de acidente vascular cerebral isqu?mico

• Main Author: Teles, Rodolfo Alex
• Other Authors: Silva Filho, Irenio Gomes da
• Format: Others
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul 2015
• Subjects: MEDICINA; ACIDENTE CEREBROVASCULAR; ISQUEMIA CEREBRAL; PARESIA; M?SCULOS; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA
• Online Access: http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/1692

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:35:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 438586.pdf: 851444 bytes, checksum: 4403bec36e79f61219a752dde80a37db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-28 === Introduction: Spasticity is an incapacitating condition resultant from central nervous system injury such as the cerebral vascular accident, commonly known as stroke (STK). It is usually associated with hypertony and with a reduction in skeletal muscle force production. This condition may generate imbalance between antagonistic muscles at the ankle joint, which can be evaluated by torque ratios (TR). Purpose: to compare the dorsiflexor/plantarflexor (DF/PF) torque ratios between a post-stroke hemiparetic spastic group (STK) and a healthy control group (CON) and to evaluate STK group functionality. Methods: an isokinetic dynamometer was used to obtain maximal PF and DF torques at an angular velocity of 60?/s of hemiparetic spastic subjetcs (59.7 ? 13.74 years of age) and twelve healthy subjects (59.0 ? 13.64 years of age). TR were obtained through the division between the maximal DF and maximal PF torques. The STK group had their functionality evaluated through the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Barthel Index (BI), and the Timed Up and Go test (TUG). A Mann Whitney U test was used for the within group (spastic x non-spastic limbs) and for the between group (spastic x control) comparisons of the scale results and TR, whereas an independent T-test was used for the between groups comparison of the anthropometric variables (p ≤0.05). Results: The within STK group comparison revealed higher TR in the spastic side compared to the non-spastic contralateral side (0,81?0,25 and 0,43?0,41 respectively; p=0.01). The inter-group comparison revealed that the TR of the spastic side of the STK group was higher compared to the dominant side of the CON group (0,81?0,25 and 0,30? 0,10 respectively; p≤0.01). No differences were observed for the TR between the non-spastic side of the STK group and the dominant side of the CON group (0,43?0,41 and 0,30? 0,10 respectively; p=0.56). In addition, no changes in functionality were observed in the STK patients. Discussion: These results indicate that both limbs of the STK group show muscle imbalance, which might be explained by the smaller PF torque in both limbs, resulting on an elevated TR. The elevated TR found in the CON group is probably related to the fact that all subjects were sedentary. The STK group showed normal values for functionality, suggesting that the time post injury and the spasticity degree probably influence the results of these scales. Conclusion: Muscle imbalance is present in both lower limbs of post-STK patients, although the TR are more affected in the spastic side. === Introdu??o: a espasticidade ? uma condi??o incapacitante decorrente de les?es do sistema nervoso central como o acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), podendo estar associada com a hipertonia e diminui??o da for?a nos m?sculos. Tal condi??o pode gerar desequil?brios entre as musculaturas da articula??o do tornozelo, podendo estes serem avaliados pelas raz?es de torque. Objetivos: avaliar a funcionalidade e comparar as raz?es de torque (RT) dos flexores dorsais e plantares (FD/FP) entre indiv?duos com hemiparesia esp?stica decorrente de AVC isqu?mico e indiv?duos controle. M?todos: participaram do estudo 9 indiv?duos com hemiparesia esp?stica (59,7 ? 13,74 anos) e 12 indiv?duos controles (59,0 ? 13,64 anos). As escalas funcionais utilizadas foram: escala modificada de Ashworth, ?ndice de Barthel, escala de Berg e o teste Timed Up Go. Um dinam?metro isocin?tico foi utilizado para a obten??o do torque m?ximo em uma velocidade angular de 60?/s. Para a obten??o das raz?es, o torque m?ximo dos FD foi dividido pelo torque m?ximo dos FP. Foi utilizado o Teste U de Mann Withney para compara??o intra e entre grupos e Teste T independente para compara??o das medidas antropom?tricas entre os grupos (p ≤0,05). Resultados: na compara??o intra-indiv?duos, houve uma diferen?a significativa entre as m?dias das RT no grupo AVC (lado afetado 0,81?0,25 e n?o afetado 0,43?0,41) (p=0,01). Para a compara??o inter-grupos, o lado afetado 0,81?0,25 do grupo AVC foi significativamente diferente do lado dominante 0,30?0,10 dos indiv?duos controle (p≤0,01). N?o houve diferen?a significativa entre o lado n?o afetado do grupo AVC 0,43?0,41 e o lado dominante do grupo controle 0,30? 0,10 (P=0,56). N?o houve altera??es da funcionalidade dos indiv?duos do grupo AVC. Discuss?o: estes resultados indicam que tanto a perna acometida como a contralateral do grupo AVC apresentam desequil?brios musculares podendo ser explicado pelo menor torque produzido pelos FP, ocasionando uma RT aumentada. O grupo controle tamb?m apresentou RT alterada, possivelmente por serem sedent?rios. Quanto ? funcionalidade, o grupo AVC apresentou resultados de normalidade, sugerindo que o tempo de les?o e o grau de espasticidade podem influenciar nestas vari?veis. Conclus?o: os desequil?brios musculares est?o presentes em ambos os membros inferiores no grupo AVC, por?m as RT s?o mais alteradas no hemicorpo esp?stico.