Compreens?o psicol?gica das viv?ncias de pais em aconselhamento gen?tico (ag): um estudo fenomenol?gico

• Main Author: Messias, Tatiana Slonczewski Caselli
• Other Authors: Cury, Vera Engler
• Format: Others
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas 2016
• Subjects: aten??o psicol?gica cl?nica em institui??es; aconselhamento gen?tico; pesquisa fenomenol?gica; preven??o e interven??o psicol?gica; clinical psychology attention in institutions; genetic counseling; phenomenological research; psychological intervention and prevention; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
• Online Access: http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/358

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tatiana Messias.pdf: 927085 bytes, checksum: 3cdca6dadcee4ded792743072f7b01fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-10 === The research aimed to understand psychologically mother s and couples experiences in a process of Genetic Counseling (CG) on the Perinatal Genetic Ambulatory of CAISM/ UNICAMP after the birth of a child with Neural Tube Defect compatible or not with surviving with the purpose of planning specific actions regarding the attention to mental health in that context. Ten participants were selected among the population of mothers and couples attended during the period from March, 2003 to February, 2004, based on the richness and how representative were the psychological experiences reported. The research descriptive and with an exploratory feature was developed based on the phenomenological method. It began with the researcher s insertion on the studied context as a trainee. Observations were made during the GC consultations and, in a posterior moment, interviews with the participants were conducted, stimulated by some starting questions, in two moments: immediately after the GC and about six months later. The reports, transformed in Narratives, brought elements of the parents psychological experiences both in regard to the malformed children s death and surviving, as well as meaningful interpersonal relationships with relatives, friends and medical staff. The malformation diagnosis, the decisions derived by it and the contact with the baby dead or alive was a painful experience to mothers and couples. The emphasis, however, was given to the mothers experiences because of the considerable personal transformation caused by the existence of a malformed child. All the women participants in the research experienced motherhood even those whose babies didn t survive or the ones who proceeded with early pregnancy interruption given to their babies the status of sons. The surviving of the malformed child altered essentially mother s lives and their plans about the future because demanded intensive care and dedication, many times in detriment of their own needs. In this way, although reporting certain surpass about the initial suffering, they started to live in accord to the child s progresses. Differently, but without less suffering, the mothers whose babies passed way seemed to be able to surpass part of the suffering, dealing with the emptiness derived from the suspension of the exercise of their mother capacity trough the retake of ordinary activities and plans for the future, as they recovered psychologically. Even having the parents limitations for the comprehension of the orientations they received at the GC, it was experienced positively, both in regard to the contact they had with the staff and by the fact it had become an opportunity for relieving guilt, demystification of fantasies about the origins of the pathology and better comprehension of the problem. The possibility of the researcher s insertion on the service added to the study an ethnographic feature that leaded to a wider psychological comprehension about the studied question, making possible the reflection regarding the proper institutional psychological attention to the context and phenomena on focus, generating some strategies of intervention. === A pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender psicologicamente viv?ncias de m?es e casais em processo de Aconselhamento Gen?tico (AG) no Ambulat?rio de Gen?tica Perinatal do CAISM/UNICAMP, ap?s o nascimento de um filho portador de defeito de fechamento do tubo neural - compat?vel ou n?o com a sobrevida - visando ao planejamento de a??es espec?ficas voltadas a aten??o ? sa?de mental nesse contexto. Dez participantes, atendidos naquele contexto no per?odo de mar?o/2003 a fevereiro/2004, foram selecionados tendo como crit?rios a riqueza e a representatividade das viv?ncias psicol?gicas relatadas. O estudo descritivo e de car?ter explorat?rio desenvolveu-se com base no m?todo fenomenol?gico. Iniciou-se com a inser??o da pesquisadora no ambulat?rio, na condi??o de estagi?ria. Foram realizadas observa??es durante as consultas de AG e, posteriormente, entrevistas semi-dirigidas com os participantes, estimuladas por quest?es disparadoras, em dois momentos: imediatamente ap?s o AG e cerca de seis meses depois. Os relatos, transformados em narrativas trouxeram elementos das viv?ncias psicol?gicas dos pais, tanto em rela??o ? morte quanto ? sobrevida do filho malformado, bem como de rela??es interpessoais significativas com familiares, amigos e com as equipes m?dicas. O diagn?stico da malforma??o, as decis?es dela decorrentes e o contato com o filho vivo ou morto - constitu?ram intensas viv?ncias psicol?gicas para m?es e casais. A ?nfase, por?m, foi dada ?s viv?ncias das m?es pela consider?vel transforma??o existencial em fun??o do nascimento de um filho malformado.Todas as participantes do estudo vivenciaram a maternidade, mesmo aquelas cujos filhos n?o sobreviveram ou que procederam ? interrup??o gestacional em etapa precoce do desenvolvimento fetal, e atribu?ram aos beb?s o status de filhos. A sobreviv?ncia do filho malformado, por sua vez, alterou essencialmente a vida das m?es e seus planos para o futuro, demandando delas intensos cuidados e dedica??o, muitas vezes em detrimento de suas pr?prias necessidades. Assim, embora relatassem certa supera??o em rela??o ao sofrimento inicial, passaram a viver de acordo com os progressos do filho. Diferentemente, embora n?o com menos sofrimento, as m?es cujos filhos faleceram parecem ter sido tamb?m capazes de superar parte do sofrimento ao longo do tempo, lidando com o vazio decorrente da suspens?o do exerc?cio da capacidade materna pela retomada de atividades rotineiras e de planos quanto ao futuro. Ainda que tenham existido limita??es por parte dos pais para a compreens?o das orienta??es recebidas no AG, este foi vivenciado positivamente, tanto em rela??o ao contato que tiveram com a equipe quanto ao fato de ele ter-se constitu?do numa oportunidade para al?vio da culpa, desmistifica??o de fantasias quanto ? origem da patologia e melhor compreens?o do problema. A possibilidade de inser??o da pesquisadora no servi?o acrescentou ao estudo car?ter etnogr?fico consideravelmente enriquecedor, levando a uma compreens?o psicol?gica mais abrangente da complexidade da quest?o estudada e possibilitando a reflex?o acerca da aten??o psicol?gica de car?ter institucional adequada ao contexto e ao fen?meno em foco, gerando algumas estrat?gias de interven??o.