Correlatos valorativos do bullying: um estudo com estudantes e pais

• Main Author: Lima, Mardelides da Silva
• Other Authors: Gouveia, Valdiney Veloso
• Format: Others
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba 2015
• Subjects: Bullying; Estilos parentais; Valores humanos; Parental styles; Human values; CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA
• Online Access: http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/6939

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:16:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2492359 bytes, checksum: 8f56509629910e4306d55b14f41a82ce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-26 === Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES === Bullying is a type of violence that affects mainly young people; its manifestation has beein increasingly present in the school environment, causing physical and psychological disorders to its victims. Considering these concepts and comprehending human values as essential constructs to explain the behavior and ways of acting of individuals, this thesis aimed at comprehending the correlates of bullying considering both parents and students, objectifying to develop an explanatory model regarding the studied object. In this sense, three studies were carried out in the city of Cáceres, in the State of Mato Grosso. The Study 1 aimed at understanding the validity and reliability evidences for the measures used in other sutdies, specifically: Basic Values Questionnaire (BVQ), parental Perception Questionnaire (PPQ), California Bullying Victimization Scale (CBVS) and Attitude Facing Potential Targets of Bullying Scale (AFPTB). The participantes were 220 high school students with an average age of 16,2% years, 46,8%was female. The results evidenced confirmation of factorial validity and internal consistency of these measures, consistent with its original proposal. The Study 2, used the measures whose parameters had correlations of its indicators with the parenting styles and human values, elaborating an explanatory model about it. The participants were 180 high school students from there public schools, with an average age of 16 years, the majority was female (54,%). In general, the results showed that bullying is present in the school interrelations, presenting a percentage of 40,6% of victims, 75,6% of them reported they knew someone who has been victimized and 61,7% of them has a friend who underwent this act. this phenomeno was characterized by the boys in terms of nicknames, threats, aggressions, assaults, robberies and sezual comments, and the girls typified the fact by rumors and contempt on the part of other girls. Concerning the parentign styles, it was obesrved the mother's preceived affectivity was negatively correlated with the measures of bullying. Regarding the values, those that had high scored on the social, obtained lowers socres in bullying. In terms of the explanatory model, such values mediated the relationship between the mother's affectivity and bullying. The Study 3 aimed at comprehending the evaluating priorities of parents or guardians, focusing on correlations that may be established between the human values and attitudes towards potential targets of bullying. This study involved 400 parents or guardians responsible for the students, they had an average age of 43 years, and 56,8% was women. The results showed that participants prioritized for themselves and for their dependents the existence values, giving less importance to the experimentation values. It was observed a correlation between the social values of parents or the gardians with their dependents, and such values inhibited favorable attitudes toward bullying. By contrast, the personal values carried most probable favorable attitudes towards this form of violence. It was concluded that, the results of the three studies suggests to think about the phenomenon of bullying as present in the school context, being recognized by parents or by the guardians responsible for the students, and their dependents and maternal affectivity and social values as factors that may minimize its presence and its consequences. Finally, it was recommended future studies on the topic bullying, for example, invovling friends as implicated in this adverse situation. Educational programs ensuring school spaces in which this phenomenon ocurrs at a lower rate were also indicated. === O bullying é um tipo de violência que afeta principalmente os jovens, sendo sua manifestação cada dia mais presente no espaço da escola, ocasionando transtornos físicos e psicológicos às vitimas. Considerando este quadro e concebendo que os valores humanos são um construto fundamental para explicar o comportamento e as maneiras de agir dos indivíduos, procurou-se nesta tese conhecer os correlatos valorativos do bullying, considerando tanto pais como estudantes, objetivando elaborar um modelo explicativo a Estudo 1 procurou conhecer evidências de validade e precisão das medidas utilizadas nos demais estudos, a saber: Questionário de Valores Básicos (QVB), Questionário de Percepção dos Pais (QPP), Escala Califórnia de Vitimização do Bullying (ECVB) e Escala de Atitudes Frente a Potenciais Alvos de Bullying (AFPAB). Participaram 220 alunos do ensino médio, com idade média de 16,2 anos, 46,8% do sexo feminino. Os resultados evidenciaram comprovação de validade fatorial e consistência interna destas medidas, coerente com sua proposta original. O Estudo 2, utilizando as medidas cujos parâmetros foram previamente comprovados, procurou-se conhecer a incidência de bullying e as correlações de seus indicadores com os estilos parentais e os valores humanos, elaborando um modelo explicativo a respeito. Participaram 180 estudantes do ensino médio de três escolas públicas, com idade média de 16 anos, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (54,4%). No geral, os resultados mostram que o bullying se faz presenta nas interrelações escolares, apresentando percentual de 40,6% de vitimas; 75,6% indicaram conhecer alguém que já foi vitimado e 61,7% têm ameaças, agressões, roubos e comentários sexuais, e nas garota spor rumores e desprezo por parte das demais. Quanto aos estilos parentais, observou-se que a afetividade percebida da mãe se correlacionou negativamente com a medida de bullying; no caso dos valores, aqueles que pontuaram alto nos sociais obtiveram menores pontuações em bullying. Em termos do modelo explicativo, tais valores mediaram a relação entre a afetividade da mãe e o bullying. O Estudo 3 procurou conhecer as prioridades valorativas de pais ou responsáveis, focando nas correlações que podem ser estabelecidas entre os valores humanos e as atitudes frente a potenciais alvos de bullying. Participaram 400 pais ou responsáveis pelso alunos, com idade média de 43 anos, 56,8% mulheres. Os resultados mostraram que os participantes priorizam para si e seus dependentes, sendo que tais valores inibiram atitudes favoráveis frente ao bullying. Contrariamente, os valores pessoais fizeram mais prováveis atitudes favoráveis frente a esta forma de violência. Conclui-se que os resultados dos três estudos permitem pensar no fenômeno bullying como presente no contexto escolar, sendo reconhecido por pais ou responsáveis e seus dependentes, sendo a afetividade materna e os valores sociais fatores que podem minimizar sua presença e as consequências decorrentes. Por fim, propuseram-se estudos futuros sobre a temática bullying, por exemplo, envolvendo os amigos como implicados nesta situação adversa, e indicaram-se, inclusive, programas que possam assegurar espaços escolares em que este fenômeno ocorra em menor magnitude.