Efeito da incorporação do lodo de esgoto sobre a fusariose do milho

• Main Author: Fortes, Nara Lúcia Perondi [UNESP]
• Other Authors: Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
• Format: Others
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) 2014
• Subjects: Lodo de esgoto; Milho; Fusarium; Matéria orgânica; Sewage sludge; Zea mays; Organic matter; Soilborne pathogen; Corn stalk rot; Biossolid
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105427

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-12-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:45:44Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 fortes_nlp_dr_botfca.pdf: 629205 bytes, checksum: 40d1e91cf18ab3678f66c246588008c7 (MD5) === Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) === Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) === O trabalho objetivou verificar os fatores químicos e microbiológicos do lodo de esgoto e do solo responsáveis pela incidência da podridão do colmo do milho, causada por Fusarium em solo fertilizado com lodo, e foi desenvolvido em condições de campo, numa área que vem sendo tratada com lodo e cultivada com milho desde 1999 em latossolo vermelho distróférrico (textura argilosa), localizada no município de Jaguariúna/SP. Os dois lodos utilizados foram obtidos nas Estações de Tratamento de Esgoto de Franca e de Barueri/SP. Os lodos foram incorporados ao solo nas concentrações de 0, 1, 2, 4 e 8 vezes a dose recomendada com base no teor de nitrogênio, em dois cultivos sucessivos de milho (Savana 133S) nas safras 2001/2002 e 2002/2003, em parcelas de 200 m2. As doses de lodo foram comparadas com a adubação mineral recomendada para a cultura do milho. Os tratamentos foram distribuídos em delineamento experimental casualizado em blocos e com três repetições. Foram verificadas, nas safras de 2001/2002 e 2002/2003, diferenças significativas entre as doses de lodo de esgoto, sobre a variação de Fusarium spp. no solo, na rizosfera, na raiz, no colmo e na semente, bem como sobre a incidência de plantas com podridão no colmo e nas espigas. As análises de regressão mostraram que a porcentagem de plantas doentes foi positivamente correlacionada com a concentração dos lodos incorporados ao solo. Os coeficientes de determinação para o cultivo de 2001/2002 foram de R2=0,61 e R2=0,32, enquanto para o cultivo de 2002/2003 foram de R2=0,76 e R2=0,45, para os lodos de Franca e Barueri, respectivamente. As concentrações de lodos também apresentaram correlação positiva com a comunidade de Fusarium do solo e da rizosfera e com a incidência de Fusarium na raiz, no colmo e na semente. As correlações entre a comunidade de Fusarium do solo e da rizosfera e o percentual de plantas... . === This work aimed at verifying the chemical and microbiological sewage sludge and soil factors re 0sponsible for the incidence of the corn stalk rot caused by Fusarium in soil fertilized with sludge and has been developed in field conditions, in an area that has been treated with sludge and cultivated with corn since 1999, in red dystroferric latosol (clayey texture), in Jaguariúna/SP. Both sludges used were obtained in the sewage sludge treatment stations of Franca and Barueri/SP. Sludges were incorporated into the soil in concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 times in relation to the recommended rate based on the nitrogen contents, in two successive corn cultures (Savana 133S), in 2001/2002 and 2002/2003, in plots of 200 m2. Sludge doses were compared to the mineral fertilization recommended to the corn culture. The treatments were distributed in a randomized design experimental drawing in blocks and with three repetitions. Significant differences were verified in both 2001/2002 and the 2002/2003 crops among the sewage sludge doses about the variation of Fusarium spp. in soil, root, stalk and seed, as well as about the incidence of plants with stalk and corn rot. The regression analyses have showed that the percentage of diseased plants was positively correlated to the concentration of the sludges incorporated to the soil. The determination coefficients to the 2001/2002 culture were R2=0.61 and R2=0.32, while the 2001/2003 culture showed R2=0.76 and R2=0.45, to Franca and Barueri sludges, respectively. The sludges concentrations also presented positive correlation with the Fusarium community of the soil and the rhizosphere, and with the incidence of Fusarium in the root, stalk and seed. The correlations between the Fusarium community of the soil and rhizosphere and the percentage of diseased plants with chemical soil attributes were significant and positive, for both kinds of sludges, in the level of 1 and 5%, to phosphorus and calcium contents.