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Previous issue date: 2017-08-31 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) === A distribui??o espacial das escolas p?blicas municipais do Ensino Fundamental da cidade do Natal visa atender a um contingente populacional na faixa et?ria dos 6 aos 14 anos de idade, ocasionando, nos ?ltimos anos, a constru??o, a amplia??o e as reformas de escolas, assim como a instala??o de equipamentos e amplia??es de novas instala??es. O objetivo geral da pesquisa ? analisar a distribui??o espacial das escolas e o perfil demogr?fico da popula??o escolar dos alunos de 9? Ano do Ensino Fundamental II, Anos Finais, da Rede Municipal de Ensino do Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. O objeto da investiga??o foi a popula??o escolar de oito escolas do Ensino Fundamental, distribu?das nas quatro regi?es administrativas da cidade de Natal e a localiza??o de resid?ncia dos alunos. A base de dados utilizada para este estudo foi composta pelas Fichas Individuais dos alunos selecionados na amostra, os dados fornecidos pela Secretaria Municipal de Ensino e os Censos Escolares dos anos de 2011, 2013 e 2015. Quanto aos aspectos metodol?gicos, ferramentas de an?lise explorat?ria de dados foram utilizadas, al?m da aplica??o de m?todos estat?sticos multivariados apropriados ? consecu??o dos objetivos do estudo. A referida pesquisa visa contribuir para a??es governamentais no ?mbito das pol?ticas p?blicas educacionais voltadas tanto para os aspectos estruturais e log?sticos como para os pedag?gicos, objetivando contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade da educa??o. Concluiu-se que a utiliza??o do servi?o de pesquisa de visualiza??o de mapas, via imagens de sat?lites disponibilizadas pelo Google Maps e o Google Earth, pode ser considerada importante ferramenta tecnol?gica a ser utilizadas por pesquisadores, gestores da educa??o, especialistas e pela sociedade em geral, pois contribui para perceber a distribui??o espacial das escolas e da popula??o escolar. === The spatial distribution of the municipal public schools at the Fundamental Education in Natal, aims to cater a population in the age group of 6 to 14 years, leading, in recent years, the construction, extension and refurbishment of schools, as well as the installation of equipment and expansion of new facilities. The general objective of this research is to analyze the spatial distribution of schools and the demographic profile of the school population of the students of the 9th Year of Elementary School II, Final Years, in the Municipal Education Network of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. The object of the investigation was the school population of eight Elementary Schools, Final Years, distributed in four Administrative Regions of the city and the location of residence of the students. The database to be used for this study is composed by Individual Records of the sampled students, the data provided by Municipal Secretary of Education/MSE and the School Census for the years 2011, 2013 and 2015. As to the methodological aspects, exploratory data analysis tools were used, in addition to the application of multivariate statistical methods appropriated to the achievement of the objectives of the study. This research aims to contribute to governmental actions in the field of educational policy, geared to both structural and logistic aspects, as well as the pedagogic ones, in order to contribute to the improvement of the quality of education. It was concluded that the use of based services in search and display of satellite maps and images, Google Maps and Google Earth, to analyze the spatial distribution of schools and school population can be considered a important technological tool for educational discussion of researchers, education managers, specialists and society in general.
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