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Previous issue date: 2016-12-19 === Nos ?ltimos anos o desenvolvimento de supercapacitores tem sido bastante pesquisado devido ? propriedade de possuir densidade de pot?ncia maior do que as baterias convencionais. Para atender as demandas tecnol?gicas da sociedade moderna, a cria??o de dispositivos de armazenamento de energia leves, flex?veis e port?teis, tamb?m chamados de supercapacitores flex?veis, est?o sendo estudados. Os nanotubos de carbono (CNTs ? Carbon nanotubes) incrementam propriedades especiais aos substratos t?xteis, tais como, melhoramento da condutividade el?trica e antiest?tica, aumento da durabilidade e condutividade/isolamento de calor e podem ser aplicados em diversas ?reas, podendo atuar como fornecedores de energia para dispositivos de monitoramentos biom?dicos ou implantes, equipamentos militares e para a constru??o civil. O presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo na forma??o de supercapacitores flex?veis utilizando um m?todo para prepara??o e modifica??o dos nanotubos de carbono de m?ltiplas camadas (MWCNT ? Multiwalled carbon nanotubes) para posterior impregna??o sobre substrato t?xtil de soja. A primeira etapa deste trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar ? forma??o de grupos funcionais na estrutura dos MWCNTs para sua dispers?o em ?gua atrav?s da funcionaliza??o com diferentes ?cidos (H2SO4 ? ?cido sulf?rico e HNO3 ? ?cido n?trico), sendo purificados com HCl (?cido clor?drico) e neutralizados com NH4OH (hidr?xido de am?nio). Na segunda etapa este material foi funcionalizado com quitosana afim de cationizar os MWCNT e potencializar sua adsor??o sobre a malha de soja. Ap?s o estabelecimento dos par?metros adequados, foram analisadas as diferentes concentra??es de MWCNTs (0%, 1,0%, 2,0% e 3,0% sob peso do material funcionalizado), para a identifica??o do melhor resultado. As t?cnicas de caracteriza??o utilizadas comprovaram que o processo de funcionaliza??o ?cida foi satisfat?rio por promover a aberturas dos tubos dos MWCNTs, sendo identificadas atrav?s da Microscopia Eletr?nica de Transmiss?o (MET) e por facilitar a sua solubilidade em meio aquoso observados de acordo com a Espectroscopia de Absor??o UV-vis, al?m de diminuir a quantidade de impurezas met?licas constatadas em Fluoresc?ncia Raio X (FRX). Os efeitos da funcionaliza??o dos MWCNTs foram comprovados em Difra??o Raio X (DRX) e Espectroscopia Raman. A perda de massa do material identificada por An?lise Termogravim?trica (TG) mostra o aumento ap?s a funcionaliza??o. O processo de imobiliza??o dos nanotubos de carbonos sobre as fibras de soja foi comprovado via Microscopia Eletr?nica de Varredura (MEV), bem como, por an?lises eletroqu?micas que determinaram a forma??o de supercapacitores com maior capacit?ncia espec?fica, de 0,766 mF.cm-2, a uma concentra??o de 3,0%, com caracter?sticas t?xteis favor?veis. === In recent years the development of supercapacitors have been searched because of the property of possessing power density greater than conventional batteries. To meet the technological demands of modern society, the creation of energy storage devices, flexible and lightweight laptops, also called flexible supercapacitors are being studied. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) increment special properties to textile substrates, such as, improving the electrical conductivity and antistatic, increased durability and heat insulation/conductivity and can be applied in various areas, and may act as energy suppliers for Biomedical monitoring devices or implants, military equipment and civil construction. The present work has as main objective in the formation of flexible supercapacitors using a method for preparation and modification of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) for subsequent immobilization on soybean protein textile fabric. The first stage of this work corresponds to the formation of functional groups in the structure of MWCNTs for their dispersion in water through the functionalization with different acids (H2SO4 - sulfuric acid and HNO3 - nitric acid), being purified with HCl (hydrochloric acid) and neutralized with NH4OH (ammonium hydroxide). In the second step the material was functionalized with chitosan in order to cationize the MWCNT and potentiate its adsorption in soybean mesh. After establishing the appropriate parameters, different concentrations of MWCNTs (0%, 1.0%, 2.0% and 3.0% under weight of the functionalized material) were analyzed to identify the best result. The characterization techniques used proved that the acid functionalisation process was satisfactory for promoting the openings of the MWCNTs tubes, being identified by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and for facilitating their solubility in aqueous media observed in accordance with the Spectroscopy of UV-vis absorption, besides decreasing the amount of metallic impurities found in X-ray Fluorescence (XRF).The effect of the functionalization of MWCNTs was confirmed in X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Raman Spectroscopy. The loss of mass of the material identified by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG) shows the increase after the functionalization. The process of immobilization of the nanoparticles in the soybean substrate showed characteristic nanofilaments of the assembly of the MWCNTs on the surface of the samples visualized in Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), as well as, the electrochemical analyzes determined the formation of supercapacitors with greater specific capacitance of 0.766 mF.cm-2, at a concentration of 3.0%, with favorable textile characteristics.
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