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Previous issue date: 2017-07-31 === Diabetes Mellitus (DM) ? uma condi??o cr?nica que acontece quando o corpo n?o produz ou n?o consegue utilizar de forma eficiente ? insulina e ? marcada por anormalidades metab?licas e complica??es cr?nicas. Atualmente a pr?tica regular de exerc?cio, aliada ? dieta e insulinoterapia, tem sido considerada uma das principais abordagens no tratamento do DM, enquanto que o sedentarismo se apresenta como preditor de complica??es e mortalidade. Estudos recentes t?m relatado que o exerc?cio f?sico ? capaz de retardar a progress?o da doen?a renal. Entretanto, a maior parte dos estudos verificaram altera??es renais no DM somente em longo prazo. Al?m disso, o conhecimento sobre os efeitos do exerc?cio f?sico na nefropatia diab?tica ainda ? escasso. Este trabalho visa investigar o efeito do exerc?cio aer?bio moderado sobre os aspectos morfofuncionais e bioqu?micos tecido renal de ratos diab?ticos. Ratos da linhagem Wistar, machos, 30 dias de idade, foram divididos nos seguintes grupos (n=12/ grupo): controle sedent?rio (CS), controle treinado (CT), diab?tico sedent?rio (DS), diab?tico treinado (DT) e diab?tico treinado previamente (DTP). O DM foi induzido por estreptozotocina (40mg/kg, i.p.). Logo ap?s a confirma??o do diabetes, teve in?cio o programa de exerc?cio, que consistiu em seis semanas de nata??o (3dias/semana e 30min/dia) para os grupos CT e DT. O grupo DTP foi submetido a quatro semanas de exerc?cio pr?vio em rela??o ao in?cio do treinamento dos demais grupos treinados. Foi feita a coleta de sangue para an?lise bioqu?mica (glicemia, dosagem de creatinina e albumina). Os rins foram coletados para an?lise histopatol?gica da integridade do par?nquima renal (Hematoxilina e Eosina), forma??o de tecido fibr?tico (Picrosirius rer). Os animais do grupo diab?tico tiveram ?ndice glic?mico maior, quando comparados aos grupos controles (p<0,001). Houve uma redu??o significativa nos grupos diab?ticos treinados (p<0,01). A creatinina foi aumentada em todos os grupos, quando comparados ao controle (p<0,05). A albumina, assim como o peso foram diminu?dos nos grupos diab?ticos, comparado com o grupo controle (p<0,05). O DM acarretou em uma hipertrofia renal nos grupos diab?ticos, comparado com os grupos controle (p<0,05), por?m houve diminui??o significativa nos animais com grupos treinados (p<0,01) Foi observado uma menor diminui??o na quantidade de glom?rulos e aumento no tamanho destes, nos grupos diab?ticos, quando comparado aos grupos controles (p<0,05). E o exerc?cio mostrou-se eficiente na redu??o da fibrose glomerular e da fibrose tubular. Os resultados mostram que a aplica??o do exerc?cio f?sico aer?bio moderado, em animais de um modelo experimental diabetes tipo 1 foi capaz de prevenir e/ouo tratar danos renais causados pela doen?a. === Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic condition that occurs when the body does not or can not efficiently use insulin and is marked by metabolic abnormalities and chronic complications. Currently, regular exercise, combined with diet and insulin therapy, has been considered one of the main approaches in the treatment of DM, whereas sedentary lifestyle presents itself as a predictor of complications and mortality. Recent studies have reported that physical exercise is capable of slowing the progression of kidney disease. However, most of the studies verified renal changes in DM only in the long term. In addition, knowledge about the effects of physical exercise on diabetic nephropathy is still scarce. This work aims to investigate the effect of moderate aerobic exercise on the morphofunctional and biochemical aspects of renal tissue in diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into the following groups (n = 12 / group): sedentary control (CS), trained control (CT), sedentary diabetic (DS), diabetic trained (DT) and diabetic Previously trained (DTP). DM was induced by streptozotocin (40mg / kg, i.p.). Soon after the confirmation of diabetes, the exercise program consisted of six weeks of swimming (3 days / week and 30 minutes / day) for the CT and DT groups. The DTP group underwent four weeks of previous exercise in relation to the beginning of the training of the other trained groups. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis (blood glucose, creatinine and albumin). The kidneys were collected for the histopathological analysis of renal parenchymal integrity (Hematoxylin and Eosin), formation of fibrotic tissue (Picrosirius rer). The animals in the diabetic group had a higher glycemic index when compared to the control groups (p <0.001). There was a significant reduction in trained diabetic groups (p <0.01). Creatinine was increased in all groups when compared to control (p <0.05). Albumin, as well as weight, were decreased in the diabetic groups, compared to the control group (p <0.05). The DM had renal hypertrophy in the diabetic groups, compared to the control groups (p <0.05), but there was a significant decrease in the animals with trained groups (p <0.01). A smaller decrease in the number of glomeruli and In the diabetic groups, when compared to the control groups (p <0.05). And exercise was efficient in reducing glomerular fibrosis and tubular fibrosis. The results show that the application of moderate aerobic exercise in animals of an experimental model type 1 diabetes was able to prevent and / or treat kidney damage caused by the disease.
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