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Previous issue date: 2015-04-23 === As desigualdades em sa?de constituem o centro da rela??o entre condi??es de vida, recursos sociais, assist?ncia e situa??o de sa?de, sobretudo em contextos urbanos. Destaca-se a import?ncia de compreender as ra?zes, mecanismos e din?micas das desigualdades sociais e como est?o dispostas de forma singular nos territ?rios. No Brasil, atualmente, mais de 85% da popula??o ? urbana. O processo acelerado de urbaniza??o produziu cidades extremamente desiguais, marcadas pela for?a do capital imobili?rio, informalidade, pobreza, infraestrutura inadequada e degrada??o ambiental. Esse quadro nos leva a questionar de que forma tais aspectos condicionam a sa?de e, mais especificamente, o sofrimento ps?quico da popula??o. Sendo assim, realizamos uma pesquisa na Vila de Ponta Negra, localizada em Natal/RN, devido ao seu processo de urbaniza??o e configura??o comunit?ria peculiar. Objetivou-se analisar a determina??o social da sa?de mental e as estrat?gias de enfrentamento de seus moradores. Foram realizadas 11 entrevistas com moradores da comunidade e 11 com profissionais da Unidade B?sica de Sa?de de Ponta Negra, mapeamento dos recursos comunit?rios, registros fotogr?ficos, observa??o participante nas ruas e participa??o em grupos comunit?rios. A hist?ria da antiga comunidade de pescadores e agricultores foi marcada pelo conflito de terras e privatiza??o do espa?o em fun??o das atividades tur?sticas e imobili?rias. Isso produziu desigualdades s?cio espaciais que influenciam os modos de vida, consequentemente, na sa?de mental da popula??o. Identificamos mulheres com familiares em situa??o de consumo e tr?fico de drogas, que, somada ? sobrecarga de trabalhos dom?sticos est?o associados a sintomas de ?doen?a dos nervos?. Como maiores problemas da vila os moradores detectam o tr?fico de drogas e a viol?ncia; o lixo; a car?ncia de escolas e creches; a falta de seguran?a e de espa?os recreativos, o que ? associado ao aumento do consumo de drogas. H? uma contradi??o no bairro, ?cone do lazer e da frui??o, por?m faltam alternativas favorecedoras da conviv?ncia, das manifesta??es de cultura popular e pr?ticas desportivas para os moradores. Quanto aos profissionais de sa?de, identificamos um conhecimento superficial sobre a comunidade, indicando um trabalho desconectado do territ?rio, agravado pela aus?ncia de equipe de Sa?de da Fam?lia. Foram identificados 21 recursos comunit?rios, al?m de grupos de dan?a popular, por?m pouca articula??o entre eles. Como potencialidades, podemos citar a presen?a e proximidade de servi?os e com?rcio local, fortes rela??es de vizinhan?a e a riqueza cultural. Dentre os grupos encontrados, destacamos a atua??o de dois deles para mobiliza??o pol?tica e integra??o comunit?ria: o Coletivo das Dez Mulheres e a Feira Feito na Vila. Conclu?mos que a despeito de uma hist?ria marcada por uma desigualdade social ocasionada pela disputa pelo espa?o, o que afeta fortemente a sa?de dos seus moradores, a Vila resiste e traz em sua din?mica comunit?ria pistas importantes para sua pr?pria reabilita??o. === Health inequalities constitute the heart of the relationship between living conditions, social resources, assistance and health situation, particularly in urban contexts. We highlight the importance of understanding the roots, mechanisms and dynamics of social inequalities and how they're arranged in singular form in the territories. In Brazil, currently, more than 85 of the population is urban. The accelerated process of urbanization has produced extremely unequal cities, marked by the strength of real estate capital, informality, poverty, inadequate infrastructure and environmental degradation. This framework leads us to question how such aspects influence health and, more specifically, the distress of the population. Thus, we conducted a search in the Vila de Ponta Negra, located in Natal/RN, due to its process of urbanization and community configuration peculiar. Aimed to analyze the social determination of mental health and coping strategies of its residents. 11 interviews were held with community residents and 11 with professionals of Basic Health Unit of Ponta Negra, mapping community resources, photographic records, participant observation in the streets and participation in community groups. The story of the former community of fishermen and farmers has been marked by conflicting land and privatization of space depending on the tourist and real estate activities. It produced socioespacials inequalities that influence the ways of life, consequently, on the mental health of the population. Identify women with families in situation of consumption and drug trafficking, which, added to the overload of housework are associated with symptoms of "disease of the nerves". As major problems of village residents detect drug trafficking and violence; the trash; the lack of schools and kindergartens; the lack of security and recreational spaces, which is associated with the increase in the consumption of drugs. There is a contradiction in the neighborhood, the icon leisure and enjoyment, however they lack alternatives encourage coexistence, the manifestations of popular culture and sporting activities for the residents. As healthcare professionals, we identified a superficial knowledge about the community, indicating a work disconnected from the territory, compounded by the absence of family health team. 21 community resources have been identified, in addition to popular dance groups, but little coordination among them. As potential, we can cite the presence and proximity of services and local businesses, strong neighbourly relations and cultural richness. Among the groups found, we highlight the work of two of them for political mobilization and community integration: the Collective of Ten Women and the fair Feito na Vila. We conclude that in spite of a history marked by a social inequality caused by the dispute through space, which strongly affects the health of its residents, the village resists and brings in their community dynamics important clues to his own rehabilitation.
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