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Previous issue date: 2015-11-24 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) === A gera??o de res?duos industriais tem aumentado cada vez mais nas ?ltimas d?cadas, motivando estudos sobre uma destina??o ambientalmente correta e sustent?vel e que tamb?m represente vantagens para seus geradores. Neste contexto est?o inseridas duas empresas do nicho de produtos de limpeza que est?o localizadas no munic?pio de S?o Jos? do Mipibu e produzem um lodo industrial em esta??o de tratamento de efluentes, constituindo a abordagem principal desta pesquisa. Diante disto, verificou-se o potencial de incorpora??o do referido lodo em matriz de cimento Portland como adi??o mineral para a fabrica??o de concretos, dado o elevado potencial de imobiliza??o de res?duos na matriz endurecida desse material, sendo estes utilizados posteriormente na pr?pria empresa para confec??o de artigos pr?-moldados. Foram adicionados diferentes teores de lodo (5, 10, 15 e 20%) em um tra?o comum (1:2:3), sendo avaliadas suas implica??es t?cnicas e microestruturais por meio de ensaios de trabalhabilidade no estado fresco e resist?ncia ? compress?o, porosidade total e microscopia eletr?nica de varredura (MEV) no estado endurecido. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram a viabilidade do processo tanto do ponto de vista t?cnico e ambiental quanto econ?mico. Todos os concretos produzidos com res?duo apresentaram uma aumento de trabalhabilidade atribu?do a natureza do res?duo que possu?a subst?ncias surfactantes capazes de adsorver min?sculas part?culas de ar na massa. Em contrapartida, para todos os teores foram obtidas resist?ncias ? compress?o inferiores ao concreto padr?o, com uma redu??o de 39%, para as amostras com 20% de lodo. Isso se deve, principalmente a um aumento de porosidade na zona de transi??o desses materiais, resultante de maior forma??o de etringita em detrimento a forma??o de CSH, principal composto cimentante, mas que, ainda assim, permite o uso desses concretos para a fabrica??o de artigos com car?ter n?o estrutural, como pisos pr?-moldados. Ademais, a absor??o de ?gua e ?ndice de vazios aumentaram levemente para todas as amostras, com exce??o do concreto com 20% de res?duo que apresentou redu??o para os dois par?metros. Diante deste contexto, o teor m?ximo recomendado ? de 20%, constituindo uma propor??o significativa e capaz de destinar sustentavelmente todo o res?duo gerado na ind?stria. === The generation of industrial wastes has been increased more and more in recent decades, motivating studies about a correct sustainable allocation and that also represents advantages for their generators. In this context, are included two companies of cleaning products niche, located in S?o Jos? do Mipibu/RN, that produces industrial sludge at a sewage treatment plant, and that is the main approach of this research. Given this, it was studied the incorporation potentiality of this sludge as a mineral addition in cement matrix for concrete production due it high capacity of wastes immobilization inside this material, which are subsequently used in the company for making precast articles. Were added different sludge concentrations (5, 10, 15 and 20%) in a common trait (1: 2: 3), and evaluated their techniques and microstructural implications via workability test in fresh state and compressive strength, full porosity and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in the hardened state. The results demonstrated the feasibility of the process both from a technical and environmental view as economical. All concretes produced with residue showed an increase of workability given the nature of the waste that had surfactants substances capable of adsorbing tiny particles of air into the batter. However, for all concentrations
were obtained lower compressive resistances than standard concrete, with a reduction of 39% for samples with 20% of sludge. This are attributed mainly to an increase of porosity in the transition zone of these material, resulting from increased formation of ettringite at the detriment to the formation of other compounds, but which still allows the use of these for the manufacture of concrete articles with non-structural nature, such as precast floor. In addition, the water absorption and void ratio increased slightly for all samples, except the concrete with 20% of waste that has a reduction for the last parameter. Given this context, the recommended maximum level is 20%, constituting a significant proportion and able to allocate sustainably all waste generated in the industry.
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