Tend?ncias da explora??o pesqueira na costa do Rio Grande do Norte

• Main Author: Damasio, Ludmila de Melo Alves
• Other Authors: 10966352831
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte 2016
• Subjects: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS: DESENVOLVIMENTO E MEIO AMBIENTE - PRODEMA; Pesca de pequena escala; S?rie temporal; Reconstru??o dados; Conhecimento ecol?gico dos pescadores; Efici?ncia tecnol?gica barcos; Vulnerabilidade esp?cies
• Online Access: http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/20480

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica ([e-mail]) on 2016-05-10T22:28:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LudmilaDeMeloAlvesDamasio_DISSERT.pdf: 1997584 bytes, checksum: 375ff6f5e4cd5f8032fbc09944492828 (MD5) === Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva ([e-mail]) on 2016-05-17T19:21:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LudmilaDeMeloAlvesDamasio_DISSERT.pdf: 1997584 bytes, checksum: 375ff6f5e4cd5f8032fbc09944492828 (MD5) === Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-17T19:21:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LudmilaDeMeloAlvesDamasio_DISSERT.pdf: 1997584 bytes, checksum: 375ff6f5e4cd5f8032fbc09944492828 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) === Nas ?reas pobres em dados, o conhecimento dos pescadores tem sido ?til para complementar lacunas atuais e no passado de dados cient?ficos sobre v?rios temas da pesca. Aqui foi verificado se as informa??es dos pescadores costeiros (N = 82), a partir de duas comunidades no NE brasileiro, ? apoiada por dados oficiais de desembarque e se o seu conhecimento poderia ser usado de forma confi?vel para reconstruir as capturas e CPUE (captura por unidade de esfor?o) para 1993, 2003 e 2013. Os registros de desembarque confirmaram a premissa dos pescadores de que as capturas n?o se alteraram ao longo de 2003 a 2013, em ambas as comunidades (C1: t = 0,1; p = 0,2; C2: t = 1,6; p = 0,1). Estimativas dos pescadores para a sua captura m?dia por esp?cies concordaram estatisticamente com os dados de desembarque para tr?s esp?cies (bonito, bagre mar de coco e tubar?es) de um total de 22 esp?cies. Para outros 13, as informa??es fornecidas pelos pescadores e pelos dados de desembarque foram semelhantes, embora estatisticamente n?o significativa. Os pescadores superestimaram a CPUE de esp?cies capturadas usando linhas ou redes de emalhar (? exce??o de Cynoscion jamaicensis, que foi subestimado). Por outro lado, os pescadores deram estimativas precisas da abund?ncia que foram congruentes com os dados de desembarque para as 11 esp?cies mais importantes (correla??o de Spearman: r 2013 = 0,8; r2003 = 0,9; p = 0,000). Por isso, os pescadores eram mais capazes de perceber mudan?as na abund?ncia em vez de mudan?as em seu esfor?o, o que sugere que as informa??es relativas CPUE devem ser mais cuidadosamente interpretadas, como pode haver uma ligeira sobreestimativa para algumas esp?cies. No futuro, devemos tratar porque os pescadores podem dar informa??es detalhadas sobre as suas capturas e esfor?o para algumas esp?cies, mas n?o para outros. === Despite all importance, the small-scale fisheries lives in a condition of limited data. To generate scientific knowledge of these fisheries, the researchers have used increasingly, the local ecological knowledge. The great advantage in using the LEC for evaluation of small-scale fishing is able to access past information not reported in the literature and require considerable investment in time and financial resources to be sampled. In this dissertation sought to increase information available on small-scale fishing in Rio Grande do Norte. In the first article we use information of the fishers to estimate the CPUE of current catches of 10 and 20 years ago and identify the species most captured in the same period and compare this information with landing records and data obtained from expert fishers. In the second article we analyze the information of the boats used in artisanal fisheries to check for a fleet operating on the same species exploited or are different fleets operating on different species. In the first article as stated by fishers, the results do not suggest any change in CPUE between 2003 and 2013. In addition to being good informants to establish ranks of species abundance for the target species, fishers also provided accurate estimates for the CPUE of the best catches in the current period (2013).The approach used in this study showed, once again, that fishers have an important and sometimes unique information. However, when this knowledge was compared with formal data, showed major differences. This heterogeneity of informants and data sources (data of fishermen and official data) may be the single best source of information for fishing in areas where there lack of scientific data and abundance of skilled fishers. In the second article, the results indicate that there are two different fleet acting on the same species. The division between small and large boats showed that small boats are the best option for small-scale fishers. Since there is no difference in the amount of captured species and obtained income and expenses of the vessels these categories are much smaller, generating more profits than the big boats.