Avalia??o do acesso aos servi?os de reabilita??o f?sica para v?timas de acidentes de tr?nsito: caminhos para melhoria da qualidade do sistema de sa?de

• Main Author: Sousa, Kelienny de Meneses
• Other Authors: 01016659466
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte 2016
• Subjects: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA; Acidentes de tr?nsito; Medicina f?sica e reabilita??o; Qualidade da assist?ncia ? sa?de; Acesso aos servi?os de sa?de
• Online Access: http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/20194

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica ([e-mail]) on 2016-04-01T19:24:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KeliennyDeMenesesSousa_DISSERT.pdf: 2912927 bytes, checksum: da3fe5f8dccb691c767772b606f08085 (MD5) === Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva ([e-mail]) on 2016-04-06T22:26:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 KeliennyDeMenesesSousa_DISSERT.pdf: 2912927 bytes, checksum: da3fe5f8dccb691c767772b606f08085 (MD5) === Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-06T22:26:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KeliennyDeMenesesSousa_DISSERT.pdf: 2912927 bytes, checksum: da3fe5f8dccb691c767772b606f08085 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-01 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES === Os servi?os de Reabilita??o F?sica (RF) t?m import?ncia fundamental no enfrentamento da epidemia global dos Acidentes de Tr?nsito (AT). Considerando as in?meras sequelas f?sicas e sociais dos sobreviventes, problemas de qualidade no acesso ? RF constituem um agravo ? recupera??o das v?timas. Faz-se necess?rio implementar a gest?o da qualidade destes servi?os, avaliando dimens?es priorit?rias e intervindo nos seus fatores determinantes, a fim de garantir RF dispon?vel em tempo e condi??es oportunas. Objetivou-se identificar barreiras de acesso ? RF considerando a percep??o das v?timas de AT e dos profissionais de sa?de, bem como estimar o acesso ? RF e seus fatores associados. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa de natureza explorat?ria desenvolvida em Natal/RN com entrevistas semiestruturadas a 19 profissionais de sa?de e de inqu?rito telef?nico a 155 v?timas de AT. Para explorar as barreiras de acesso os discursos foram transcritos e analisados com o software Alceste, vers?o 4.9. Durante as entrevistas utilizou-se a seguinte pergunta norteadora: ?Que barreiras dificultam ou impedem o acesso ? reabilita??o f?sica para v?timas de acidentes de tr?nsito??. A denomina??o das classes e eixos resultantes do Alceste foi realizada por consulta ad hoc a tr?s pesquisadores externos com posterior consenso da denomina??o mais representativa. Realizou-se an?lise multivariada da influ?ncia das vari?veis do acidente, sociodemogr?ficas, cl?nicas e assistenciais sobre o acesso ? RF. As associa??es que apresentaram p<0,20 na an?lise bivariada foram submetidas ? regress?o log?stica, passo a passo, com p<0,05 e Intervalo de Confian?a (IC) de 95%. As principais barreiras identificadas foram: ?Regula??o burocr?tica do acesso?, ?Demora para o acesso?, ?N?o encaminhamento p?s-cirurgia? e ?Inefici?ncia dos servi?os p?blicos?. Essas barreiras foram distribu?das em um modelo te?rico constru?do a partir do diagrama de causa-efeito, no qual se observou que o acesso insuficiente ? RF ? produto das causas associadas ? estrutura organizacional, processos de trabalho, profissionais e usu?rios. Constru?ram-se dois modelos de regress?o: ?Acesso geral ? RF? e ?Acesso ao servi?o p?blico de RF?. Obtiveram acesso ? RF 51,6% dos usu?rios, sendo 32,9% na rede p?blica e 17,9% no servi?o privado. O modelo de regress?o ?Acesso Geral ? RF? foi composto pelas vari?veis ?Renda Familiar? (OR: 3,7), ?Trabalhador informal? (OR: 0,11), ?Desempregado? (OR: 0,15), ?Necessidade percebida de RF? (OR:10,0) e ?Encaminhamento para RF? (OR: 27,5). O modelo ?Acesso ? RF no servi?o p?blico? foi representado pelo ?Encaminhamento para RF? (OR: 23,0) e ?Plano Privado de Sa?de? (OR: 0,07). Apesar da conhecida influ?ncia dos determinantes sociais sobre o acesso aos servi?os de sa?de, situa??o de dif?cil controle pela gest?o p?blica, este estudo encontrou que os processos organizativos e burocr?ticos estabelecidos na assist?ncia em sa?de determinam sobremaneira o acesso ? RF. As falhas no acesso sinalizam a import?ncia do problema, e os fatores associados apontam para interven??es na gest?o do cuidado integral, a fim de melhorar a qualidade e o acesso ? reabilita??o f?sica e evitar prolongamento desnecess?rio do sofrimento dos sobreviventes da epidemia de AT. === The Physical Rehabilitation services (PR) are of fundamental importance in combating the global epidemic of Traffic Accidents (TA). Considering the numerous physical and social consequences of the survivors, quality problems in access to PR are a hazard to recovery of victims. It is necessary to improve the management of quality of services, assessing priority dimensions and intervening in their causes, to ensure rehabilitation available in time and suitable conditions. This study aimed to identify barriers to access to rehabilitation considering the perception of TA victims and professionals. The aim is also to estimate the access to rehabilitation and their associated factors. This is a qualitative and quantitative study of exploratory nature developed in Natal / RN with semi-structured interviews with 19 health professionals and telephone survey to 155 victims of traffic accidents. To explore barriers to access the speeches were transcribed and analyzed using the Alceste software (version 4.9). During the interviews used the following guiding question: ?What barriers hinder or prevent access to physical rehabilitation for victims of traffic accidents??. The names of classes and axes resulting from Alceste was performed by ad hoc query to three external researchers with subsequent consensus of the most representative name of analysis. We conducted multivariate analysis of the influence of the variables of the accident, sociodemographic, clinical and assistance on access to rehabilitation. Associations with p <0.20 in the bivariate analysis were submitted to logistic regression, step by step, with p <0.05 and confidence interval (CI) of 95%. The main barriers identified were: ?Bureaucratic regulation?, ?Long time to start rehabilitation?, ?No post-surgery referral? and ?inefficiency of public services?. These barriers were divided into a theoretical model built from the cause-effect diagram, in which we observed that insufficient access to rehabilitation is the product of causes related to organizational structure, work processes, professional and patients. Was constructed two logistic regression models: ?General access to rehabilitation? and ?Access to rehabilitation to public service?. 51.6% of patients had access to rehabilitation, and 32.9% in public and 17.9% in the private sector. The regression model ?General access to rehabilitation? included the variables Income (OR:3.7), Informal Employment (OR:0.11), Unemployment (OR:0.15), Perceived Need for PR (OR:10) and Referral (OR: 27.5). The model ?Access to rehabilitation in the public service? was represented by the ?Referral to Public Service? (OR: 23.0) and ?Private Health Plan? (OR: 0.07). Despite the known influence of social determinants on access to health services, a situation difficult to control by the public administration, this study found that the organizational and bureaucratic procedures established in health care greatly determine access to rehabilitation. Access difficulties show the seriousness of the problem and the factors suggest the need for improvements in comprehensive care for TA survivors and avoid unnecessary prolongation of the suffering of the victims of this epidemic.