Resili?ncia e apoio social em gestantes tardias

• Main Author: Sousa, Welyton Para?ba da Silva
• Other Authors: 18112900434
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte 2016
• Subjects: CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA; Gravidez tardia; Resili?ncia; Apoio social; Estudo correlacional; Unidades de sa?de
• Online Access: http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/20001

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica ([e-mail]) on 2016-03-09T22:56:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 WelytonParaibaDaSilvaSousa_DISSERT.pdf: 1036369 bytes, checksum: 95c8fca53673ba8680c8678d733342ed (MD5) === Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva ([e-mail]) on 2016-03-10T23:40:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 WelytonParaibaDaSilvaSousa_DISSERT.pdf: 1036369 bytes, checksum: 95c8fca53673ba8680c8678d733342ed (MD5) === Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-10T23:40:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WelytonParaibaDaSilvaSousa_DISSERT.pdf: 1036369 bytes, checksum: 95c8fca53673ba8680c8678d733342ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-27 === A gesta??o, de forma geral, ? um evento importante na vida de uma mulher e provoca mudan?as f?sicas, fisiol?gicas e emocionais, constituindo uma experi?ncia repleta de sentimentos intensos. Por gravidez tardia, entende-se aquelas gesta??es que ocorrem na faixa et?ria de 35 anos ou mais. A ocorr?ncia desse tipo de gravidez vem aumentando no Brasil e no mundo, fatores como maior acesso aos recursos de controle da natalidade e a busca da estabilidade financeira tem explicado o adiamento da gesta??o. Processos importantes como a resili?ncia e o apoio social podem auxiliar, as gestantes tardias, de forma ben?fica na adapta??o ao processo gestacional. A resili?ncia caracteriza-se pela capacidade de um determinado sujeito ou grupo passar por uma situa??o adversa, conseguir super?-la e sair fortalecido, transformando-a em est?mulos para o seu desenvolvimento biopsicossocial. O apoio social ? um processo din?mico e complexo que envolve transa??es entre indiv?duos e as suas redes sociais, satisfazendo as necessidades sociais, promovendo e completando os recursos pessoais que possuem para enfrentarem novas exig?ncias. No intuito de levantar informa??es sobre esses construtos em gestantes tardias do munic?pio de Natal-RN, que se justifica a import?ncia dessa pesquisa, cujo objetivo geral foi avaliar os indicadores de resili?ncia e o apoio social em gestantes tardias do munic?pio de Natal (RN). Pesquisa descritiva e correlacional de corte transversal que foi realizada com 150 gestantes tardias. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: um Question?rio estruturado com informa??es sociodemogr?ficas e gestacionais, a Escala de Resili?ncia e a Escala de Apoio Social. Para analisar os dados foi utilizado um software de planilhamento eletr?nico (Excel e SPSS 21.0) que auxiliou na realiza??o de estat?sticas descritivas e inferenciais conforme a tipologia das vari?veis e os objetivos do estudo. Para as vari?veis nominais utilizou-se frequ?ncias relativas e para as cont?nuas correla??es de Pearson e coeficiente de determina??o, visto que a amostra teve uma distribui??o normal. O projeto cumpriu os aspectos ?ticos prescritos pela Resolu??o 466/12 do Conselho Nacional de Sa?de, tendo obtido parecer favor?vel (356.436/ 2013) do Comit? de ?tica em Pesquisa da UFRN. A maioria das gestantes apresentaram baixa renda e escolaridade, natural do Rio Grande do Norte, tinham em m?dia 37,49 (?2,577) anos de idade, eram cat?licas, viviam em uni?o est?vel, trabalhadoras do lar (?donas de casa?), multigestas e estavam no terceiro trimestre gestacional; al?m de baixo hist?rico de aborto, de n?o planejarem a gravidez, com m?dia de 4,22 (?2,506) consultas pr?-natais, de residirem em m?dia com 3,673 (?1,397) pessoas, terem feito uso de algum tipo anticoncepcional e de possu?rem indicadores elevados de resili?ncia e apoio social. As correla??es mantidas entre a resili?ncia, o apoio social e algumas das vari?veis sociodemogr?ficas e gestacionais foram consideradas baixas. Tais dados sinalizam que o fato da maior parte dessas gr?vidas se encontrarem num relacionamento est?vel, n?o terem tido hist?rico de aborto, fazerem parte de alguma religi?o, n?o serem m?es primigestas, possu?rem uma m?dia de idade suficiente para serem consideradas m?es experientes e ainda terem apresentado escores elevados na escala de apoio social, possivelmente, sejam os fatores que mais tenham contribu?do no desenvolvimento e na constru??o da resili?ncia nessas gestantes de 35 anos ou mais. Espera-se que as informa??es oriundas dessa pesquisa possam incrementar conhecimentos, a??es e melhorias na qualidade da assist?ncia ? sa?de das gestantes tardias e para uma maior compreens?o do fen?meno da gravidez em geral. === The gestation process, in general, is a very important event on a woman?s life and it brings phisical, phisiological and emotional changes, which by itself is an experience full of intense feelings. By late-aged pregnancy we mean those which occurs at the age of 35 or further. The occurance of this type of pregnancy is rising in Brasil and throughout the world, factors such as, better access to birth control resources and the search for financial stability explains the pregnancy delay. Important processes like resilience and social support can help late-aged pregnant women, in a benefical way, to adapt to the gestation process. Resilience is the capacity that a certain individual or group of individuals have to go through an adverse situation, be able to overcome it and become streghtened, transforming it in motivation for its biopsichosocial development. Social support is a complex and dinamic process that involves transactions between individuals and their social networks, meeting the social needs, promoting and complementing the personal resources that they have to face new demands. This research has the intention of raising information about the issues of late-aged pregnant women in the County of Natal- RN, the main objective was to evaluate the resilience indicators and the social support on late-aged pregnant women in the Natal-RN County. A transversal cut, correlational and descriptive research that was done with 150 lateaged pregnant women. The tools that were used were: A form with sociodemographic and gestation info, the scale of resilience and social support. An eletronic spreadsheet sofware (Excel e SPSS 21.0) was used to analize data which helped on the statistics according to its variables and the objective of this work. For the nominal variables, relative frequencies were used and for continuous the Pearson correlation and determination coefficient were used, regarding that; the sample had a normal distribution. The project fulfilled the ethnic aspects prescribed by Resolution 466/12 of the National Health Council, with a favorable decision (356.436/ 2013) of the UFRN Ethics on Research Committee. Most of the pregnant women had a low money income and education level, born in the state of Rio Grande do Norte they had an average age of 37,49 (?2,577), catholic, married, house wives, they had more than one child and were on their third trimester of pregnancy; they also had a low past abortion rate, not having planned their pregnancy, with an average of 4,22 (?2,506) pre-natal appointments, residing with an average of 3,673 (?1,397) people, having used any sort of birth control device and having high indicators of resilience and social support. The correlations kept between resilience, social support and some of the social demographics and gestation variables were considered low. Such data points out the fact that most of these women were in a stable relationship; they hadn?t had a past of abortion, they were involved with some kind of religion, they were not first pregnancy mothers, had an age on which they are not considered inexperienced mothers and even had scored high on the social support scale, these may all possibly be the most contributing factors on development and resilience building on these 35 years or more mothers. We expect that the data and information from this research may add up knowledge, actions and improvements regarding late-aged pregnant women and the pregnancy phenomena in general.