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Previous issue date: 2015-01-28 === Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq === Computa??o em Nuvem ? um paradigma computacional que possibilita o acesso de
forma simples e pervasiva, via rede, a recursos compartilhados e configur?veis de
computa??o. Tais recursos s?o oferecidos sob demanda para o usu?rio atrav?s de um
modelo de uso em que s? se paga pelo uso do recurso. Com o avan?o desse paradigma,
um ?nico servi?o oferecido por uma plataforma de nuvem pode n?o ser suficiente
para prover todos os requisitos dos clientes, sendo necess?rio uma composi??o
de servi?os providos por diferentes plataformas de nuvem. No entanto, as plataformas
de nuvem atuais n?o s?o implementadas usando padr?es comuns, cada uma
possui sua pr?pria API e ferramenta de desenvolvimento, o que dificulta a cria??o da
composi??o. Para facilitar a cria??o de composi??es existe o Cloud Integrator, uma
plataforma de middleware orientada a servi?os que prov? um ambiente que facilita o
desenvolvimento e a execu??o de aplica??es. Essas aplica??es s?o composi??es de
servi?os de diferentes plataformas de nuvem e representadas atrav?s de workflows
abstratos. No entanto, o Cloud Integrator possui algumas limita??es: (i) as aplica??es
criadas s?o executadas localmente; (ii) usu?rios n?o podem especificar a aplica??o
apenas pelas suas entradas e sa?das, e; (iii) os usu?rios n?o podem selecionar diretamente
qual os servi?os que v?o executar as atividades do workflow. A fim de tratar
essas limita??es, esse trabalho prop?e o Cloud Stratus, uma plataforma de middleware
que estende o Cloud Integrator e oferece diferentes formas de especificar aplica??es,
permitindo se definir um workflow abstrato ou fluxo de execu??o completo ou parcial.
A plataforma possibilita a implanta??o da aplica??o em m?quinas virtuais na nuvem,
de forma que v?rios usu?rios podem acess?-la atrav?s da Internet. O Cloud Stratus
ainda realiza o acesso e gerenciamento de m?quinas virtuais de diferentes plataformas
de nuvem e fornece mecanismos para monitoramento de servi?os e aferi??o de
par?metros de QoS. A valida??o do Cloud Stratus ? realizada atrav?s de um estudo de
caso que consiste de uma aplica??o que utiliza diversos servi?os de nuvem providos
por diferentes plataformas de nuvem. O Cloud Stratus ainda ? avaliado atrav?s de
experimentos computacionais que analisam o desempenho de seus processos. === Cloud Computing is a paradigm that enables the access, in a simple and pervasive
way, through the network, to shared and configurable computing resources. Such
resources can be offered on demand to users in a pay-per-use model. With the advance
of this paradigm, a single service offered by a cloud platform might not be
enough to meet all the requirements of clients. Ergo, it is needed to compose services
provided by different cloud platforms. However, current cloud platforms are not
implemented using common standards, each one has its own APIs and development
tools, which is a barrier for composing different services. In this context, the Cloud
Integrator, a service-oriented middleware platform, provides an environment to facilitate
the development and execution of multi-cloud applications. The applications are
compositions of services, from different cloud platforms and, represented by abstract
workflows. However, Cloud Integrator has some limitations, such as: (i) applications
are locally executed; (ii) users cannot specify the application in terms of its inputs
and outputs, and; (iii) experienced users cannot directly determine the concrete Web
services that will perform the workflow. In order to deal with such limitations, this
work proposes Cloud Stratus, a middleware platform that extends Cloud Integrator
and offers different ways to specify an application: as an abstract workflow or a
complete/partial execution flow. The platform enables the application deployment in
cloud virtual machines, so that several users can access it through the Internet. It also
supports the access and management of virtual machines in different cloud platforms
and provides services monitoring mechanisms and assessment of QoS parameters.
Cloud Stratus was validated through a case study that consists of an application that
uses different services provided by different cloud platforms. Cloud Stratus was also
evaluated through computing experiments that analyze the performance of its processes.
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