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Previous issue date: 2014-08-21 === O racismo tem participa??o ativa na defini??o das condi??es de sa?de, uma vez que
reproduz no ?mbito da subjetividade e do consentimento, padr?es de integra??o ? ordem
que restringem a popula??o negra do amplo acesso aos bens e servi?os socialmente
produzidos. Por essa raz?o, as pessoas negras est?o expostas a situa??es diferenciadas
de adoecimento, inclusive com maiores chances de exposi??o a certas doen?as e
agravos com uma maior preval?ncia, como ? o caso da Doen?a Falciforme. Nesse
sentido, o presente trabalho apresenta uma an?lise das express?es do racismo na sa?de
da popula??o negra com Doen?a Falciforme, tendo como norte anal?tico o estudo das
condi??es de sa?de e da qualidade da aten??o ? sa?de ofertada pela dire??o municipal
do SUS, representada pela Secret?ria Municipal de Sa?de de Jo?o Pessoa/PB ? (SMSJPA).
Trata-se de uma pesquisa social aplicada, fundada numa abordagem quantiqualitativa
que envolveu a coleta de dados secund?rios, os quais foram sistematizados e
analisados em dois momentos: 1) an?lise dos indicadores sociais referente ? popula??o
negra no munic?pio a partir da base de dados do Censo Demogr?fico do IBGE; 2) estudo
documental realizado no banco de dados do Programa Municipal da Doen?a Falciforme e
An?lise dos relat?rios de gest?o da SMS-JPA referente a 2011, 2012 e 2013. Optou-se
por uma vis?o cr?tica e dial?tica de leitura da realidade, com apoio nas categorias do
racismo, racismo institucional e sa?de da popula??o negra compreendidas como uma
unidade dial?tica. Os resultados revelam que a popula??o negra com Doen?a Falciforme
est? inserida num contexto de vulnerabilidade social que repercute na sua situa??o de
morbimortalidade. Aponta-se ainda que os problemas de sa?de das pessoas com Doen?a
falciforme s?o preferencialmente resolvidos com base na aten??o b?sica a sa?de e por
a??es focadas na preven??o de eventos agudos. Por essas caracter?sticas est?o focadas
em a??es de baixa densidade tecnologia e de baixo custo que embora com maior alcance
assistencial, provocam mudan?as de longo prazo, incapazes de alterar sua realidade de
sa?de; No plano pol?tico institucional, essas respostas apresentam limites na aten??o ?
sa?de, sobretudo no que se refere ao enfrentamento das desigualdades e promo??o da
qualidade de vida, uma vez que as a??es exigem baixo poder de decis?o e
consequentemente poucas altera??es nas estruturas dos sistemas de sa?de. Nesse
esfor?o, espera-se contribuir com a produ??o de conhecimento que seja ?til para a??o
pol?tico e cient?fico de grupos e movimentos interessados em ultrapassar as
determina??es do racismo e construir uma nova ordem social fundamentada na
emancipa??o de todas as formas de explora??o ?tnico/racial, sexual e de classes que
signifique em melhorias na realidade de sa?de das pessoas com Doen?a Falciforme. === Racism has active participation in the definition of health conditions, since it
reproduces within the subjectivity and consent, integration patterns to order
that restrict the black population of broad access to goods and services
produced socially. For this reason, black people are exposed to different risks
of disease, including increased chances of exposure to certain diseases and
disorders with a higher prevalence, such as the Sickle Cell Disease. In this
sense, this paper presents an analysis of expressions of racism on the health
of the black population with sickle cell disease, its analytical north the study of
health conditions and quality of health care offered by the municipal
administration of the SUS, represented by the Municipal Secretary of Jo?o
Pessoa / PB (SMS-JPA) Health. It is a social applied research, based on a
quantitative and qualitative approach that involved collecting secondary,
which were organized and analyzed data in two stages: 1) analysis of social
indicators regarding the black population in the municipality from the base
Census data from IBGE; 2) documental study in database Municipal Program
of Sickle Cell Disease and analysis of management reports related to SMSJPA
2011, 2012 and 2013 decided by a critical and dialectical reading of
reality, with support in the categories of racism, institutional racism and health
of the black population understood as a dialectical unity. The results reveal
that the black population with sickle cell disease is embedded in a context of
social vulnerability that affects his situation of mortality. It is pointed out also
that the health problems of people with sickle cell disease are preferably
solved based on primary care and health by focusing on prevention of acute
events shares. For these characteristics are focused on technology stocks
low density and low cost but with greater care range, causing long-term
changes unable to change your health reality; The institutional political
sphere, these responses have limits on attention to health, particularly with
regard to addressing inequalities and promoting quality of life, since actions
require low power of decision and consequently little change in the structures
of health systems . In this effort, we hope to contribute to the production of
knowledge that is useful for political and scientific action groups and
movements interested in overcoming the determinations of racism and build a
new social order based on emancipation from all forms of ethnic / racial
exploitation, sexual and classes that actually means improvements in health
of people with sickle cell disease.
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