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Previous issue date: 2014-03-26 === A Helicobacter pylori ? uma bact?ria espiralada, Gram negativa, m?vel emicroaer?bia reconhecida como uma das principais causas de gastrite, ?lcera, c?ncerg?strico e do linfoma de c?lulas B de baixo grau de tecido linfoide associado ? mucosa(MALT), se constituindo um microrganismo em destaque na ?rea da microbiologiam?dica. Sua import?ncia se deve ? dificuldade de tratamento, devido ? necessidade douso concomitante de v?rios medicamentos al?m do crescente surgimento de cepasresistentes e multirresistentes aos antibi?ticos empregados na cl?nica. Com o intuito deampliar a gama de op??es terap?uticas eficazes e seguras, ultimamente, vem sendointensificados estudos qu?micos sobre plantas medicinais, seja atrav?s da obten??o deextratos, fra??es, compostos isolados ou ?leos essenciais que apresentem algum tipode atividade biol?gica. Diante do exposto, objetivouseavaliar a atividade inibit?ria deextratos vegetais oriundos do Syzygium cumini e Encholirium spectabile, plantas comhist?rico de a??o anti?lceras, e do ?leo essencial obtido do S. cumini frente a H. pylori(ATCC 43504) utilizando a t?cnica de difus?o em disco, para avalia??o qualitativa, e adetermina??o da concentra??o inibit?ria m?nima (CIM), atrav?s da t?cnica demicrodilui??o em caldo, para an?lise quantitativa. Tamb?m foi avaliada a toxicidade invitro dos extratos a partir de ensaio hemol?tico, utilizando eritr?citos de carneiro, e emcultura de c?lulas HeLa e VERO, pelo ensaio colorim?trico de viabilidade celularutilizando o MTT. Os extratos de ambos vegetais empregados nos ensaiosantimicrobianos n?o inibiram o crescimento bacteriano, em contrapartida o ?leoessencial do S. cumini (SCFO) mostrouseeficaz, exibindo CIM de 205 ?g/mL (dilui??oequivalente a 0,024% do ?leo bruto). Quanto ao ensaio hemol?tico, o mesmo ?leo aindaexibiu toxicidade intermedi?ria ao promover 25% de hem?lise a 1000 ?g/mL. Em rela??o? citotoxicidade em cultura de c?lulas, o SCFO, a 260 ?g/mL, comprometeu a viabilidadecelular de cerca de 80% das c?lulas HeLa e 50% das c?lulas VERO. Portanto o ?leoobtido das folhas do S. cumini apresenta potencial antibacteriano frente a H. pylori epotencial citot?xico, sugerindoseuma fonte de novas mol?culas candidatas a f?rmacos,desde que novas etapas de toxicidade in vitro e in vivo assim como caracteriza??oqu?mica sejam avaliadas. Al?m disso, o desenvolvimento de um sistema de libera??o def?rmacos pode resultar em um prot?tipo a ser utilizado em testes pr?cl?nicos. === Helicobacter pylori
is a spiral, Gram negative, mobile, and microaerophilic
bacteria recognized as a major cause of gastritis, ulcer, gastric cancer, and gastric low
grade, B
cell, mucosa
?
associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, constituting an
important microorganism in
medical microbiology. Its importance comes from the
difficulty of treatment because the requirement of multiple drugs use, besides the
increasing emergence of resistant and multiresistant strains to antibiotics used in th
e
clinic. In order to expand
safe and effective therapeutic options
,
chemical studies on
medicinal plants by obtaining extracts, fractions, isolated compounds or essential oils
with some biological activity
has been intensified
. Given the above, the objective was to
evaluate the inhi
bitory activity of organic extracts derived from
Syzygium cumini
and
Encholirium spectabile,
with antiulcer history, and the essential oil, obtained from
S.
cumini,
against
H. pylori
(ATCC 43504) by the disk diffusion method, for qualitative
evaluation, an
d determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using the broth
microdilution method, for quantitative analysis. Also was evaluated the extracts
in vitro
toxicity by a hemolytic assay using sheep red blood cells, and VERO and HeLa cells
using the
MTT assay to analyze cell viability. The extracts of both plant used in
antimicrobial assays did not inhibit bacterial growth, however the essential oil of
S.
cumini
(SCFO) proved effective, showing MIC value of 205 ?g/mL (0.024 % dilution of
the original
oil). In the hemolytic assay, the same oil shows moderate toxicity, by promote
25% hemolysis at 1000 ?g/mL. Regarding the cytotoxicity in cell culture, the SCFO, at
260 ?g/mL, affected the cell viability around 80% of HeLa and 50% of VERO cells. So
the oi
l obtained from
S. cumini
leaves has antimicrobial activity against
H. pylori
and
cytotoxicity potential, suggesting a source of new molecule drug candidates, since new
stages of toxicity
in vitro
and
in vivo,
as well, chemical characterization be evaluate
d.
Moreover, the development of a prospective drug delivery system can result in a
prototype to be used in preclinical tests.
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