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Previous issue date: 2010-02-25 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior === Given the prediction of the Federal Constitution of 1988 about the need to establish some areas to be especially protected, it was published the Law No. 9.985/00, which established the National System of Conservation Units. Several aspects make these units differ from one another, one of them being the possibility of presence of even traditional human populations inside the area to be protected. In case of allowing these people to continue in the area, it still must be provided their participation in the management of the new space. Management councils show up, then, as a specific way of social and political participation. This way, from an overview of legal norms and the doctrine that are relevant to the topic, It is aimed to make a legal and theoretical survey about the process of traditional populations permanence inside Conservation Units, with aspects linked to ethnoconservation and, therefore, to participation in environmental management of these specially protected spaces === Diante da previs?o da Constitui??o Federal de 1988 acerca da necessidade de se estabelecer algumas ?reas a serem especialmente protegidas, publicou-se a Lei n? 9.985/00, que criou o Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conserva??o. Diversos aspectos diferem essas unidades entre si, sendo um deles a possibilidade da presen?a de popula??es humanas, mesmo que tradicionais, no interior da ?rea a ser tutelada. No caso de se permitir que essas pessoas continuem na ?rea, deve-se proporcionar, ainda, a sua participa??o na gest?o do novo espa?o. Os conselhos gestores aparecem, ent?o, como uma forma espec?fica de participa??o sociopol?tica. Desse modo, a partir de um apanhado de normas jur?dicas e da doutrina pertinente ? tem?tica, objetiva-se fazer um levantamento jur?dico e te?rico acerca do processo de perman?ncia de popula??es tradicionais no interior de Unidades de Conserva??o, com aspectos ligados ? etnoconserva??o e, por conseguinte, ? participa??o na gest?o ambiental desses espa?os especialmente protegidos
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