Sistema microemulsionado: caracteriza??o e aplica??o na ind?stria de petr?leo

• Main Author: Silva, Guymmann Clay da
• Other Authors: CPF:90623207753
• Format: Others
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte 2014
• Subjects: Microemuls?o; Micelas wormlike; Reologia; Espalhamento de luz din?mico; Recupera??o avan?ada; Borra de petr?leo.; Microemulsion; Wormlike micelles; Rheology; Dynamic light scattering; Petroleum recovery; Petroleum sludge.; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA
• Online Access: http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17743

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:42:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GuymmannCS_DISSERT-.pdf: 2904070 bytes, checksum: 4cd1c00978977c422c79766db70f2678 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-12 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior === Alkyl polyethoxylates are surfactants widely used in vastly different fields, from oil exploitation to pharmaceutical applications. One of the most interesting characteristics of these surfactants is their ability to form micellar systems with specific geometry, the so-called wormlike micelle. In this work, microemulsions with three distinct compositions (C/T = 40 %, 30 % and 25 %) was used with contain UNITOL / butanol / water / xylene, cosurfactant / surfactante (C/S) ratio equal to 0,5. The microemulsion was characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), capillary viscometry, torque rheometry and surface tensiometry experiments carried out with systems based on xylene, water, butanol (cosurfactant) and nonaethyleneglycolmonododecyl ether (surfactant), with fixed surfactant:cosurfactant:oil composition (with and without oil phase) and varying the overall concentration of the microemulsion. The results showed that a transition from wormlike micelles to nanodrops was characterized by maximum relative viscosity (depending on how relative viscosity was defined), which was connected to maximum effective diameter, determined by DLS. Surface tension suggested that adsorption at the air water interface had a Langmuir character and that the limiting value of the surfactant surface excess was independent of the presence of cosurfactant and xylene. The results of the solubilization of oil sludge and oil recovery with the microemulsion: C/S = 40%, 30% and 25% proved to be quite effective in solubilization of oil sludge, with the percentage of solubilization (%solubilization) as high as 92.37% and enhanced oil recovery rates up to 90.22% for the point with the highest concentration of active material (surfactant), that is, 40%. === Os tensoativos alquil-polietoxilados s?o amplamente utilizados em diferentes campos, desde a explota??o de petr?leo at? aplica??es na ind?stria farmac?utica. Uma das caracter?sticas mais interessantes destes tensoativos ? a sua capacidade de formar sistemas micelares que apresentam uma geometria micelar espec?fica, a chamada micela wormlike, tipo verme . Neste trabalho, foram utilizados tr?s pontos de microemuls?o: C/T = 40 %, C/T = 30 % e C/T = 25 % num sistema contendo UNITOL/xileno/butanol/?gua. Esses pontos de microemuls?o foram caracterizados por espalhamento de luz din?mico (DLS), viscosimetria capilar, reometria de torque e tens?o superficial com composi??es de tensoativo, cotensoativo e ?leo fixo - 5 % (com e sem fase ?leo) e variando a concentra??o total dos pontos de microemuls?o. Os resultados mostraram que a transi??o da geometria de micela wormlike para nanogotas poderia ser caracterizada por um m?ximo na viscosidade relativa (dependendo de como a viscosidade foi definida), que foi vinculado a um m?ximo de di?metro efetivo, determinada por DLS. A tens?o superficial sugeriu que a adsor??o na interface ?gua/ar tinha um car?ter de Langmuir, o limite de excesso da superf?cie do tensoativo ? independente da presen?a de cotensoativo e do xileno, e que o valor limite do excesso superficial foi independente da presen?a de cotensoativo e xileno. Os resultados da solubiliza??o da borra de petr?leo e da recupera??o avan?ada de petr?leo com os pontos de microemuls?o C/T = 40 %, C/T = 30 % e C/T = 25 %, se mostraram bastante eficaz com solubiliza??o da borra de petr?leo, com porcentagem de solubiliza??o (% solubiliza??o) at? 92,37 %, e recupera??o avan?ada de petr?leo de at? 90,22 % para o ponto que apresenta maior concentra??o de mat?ria ativa (tensoativo), ou seja, C/T = 40 %.