A mem?ria de curto prazo e a s?ndrome de down: a rela??o entre contextos de desenvolvimento

• Main Author: Lima, Susana Maria Cardoso da Costa
• Other Authors: CPF:18747270829
• Format: Others
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte 2014
• Subjects: Mem?ria; S?ndrome de down; Defici?ncia intelectual; Memory; Down syndrome; Intellectual disability; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOLOGIA GERAL
• Online Access: http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17218

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:36:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SusanaMCCL_TESE.pdf: 1227375 bytes, checksum: 6eb36827ecd28243c12421ecff276fbd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-19 === Down syndrome (DS) is one of the most frequent causes of intellectual disability, affecting one in every 600 to 1000 live births. Studies have demonstrated that people with DS have a lower capacity for short-term memory (STM) and working memory (WM), which affects their capability to learn new words and to follow spoken instructions, specially when they involve multiple information or consecutive orders/orientations. It seems that the basis of the learning process, as it happens with language and mathematics comprehension and reasoning, relies in the STM and WM systems. Individuals with DS are increasingly included in mainstream education, and yet, very few researches have been conducted to investigate the influence of memory development and the type of enrollment (regular school and special school). This study investigated the relationship between the type of school enrollment with the performance on STM tests and also, the relationship of this performance with early stimulation (ES). The tests used in the first research were the digit span, free recall, word recognition and subtests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Third Edition (WISC-III). Individuals enrolled in the regular schools group had higher scores on the digit span test and the subtests of the WISC-III. In the free recall and recognition tests, no differences were found. This study indicates that the type of enrollment might influence the memory development of individuals with DS and clearly points the need for future investigations. In the second research, the tests used were the digit span, free word recall and subtests of the WISC-III. The test results showed better performance by adults that received ES before six months of age. The studies showed improvement in STM both in people who attended or were attending regular school, as well as those who benefited from ES before six months of age. However, some issues still need to be better understood. What is the relation between this stimulation with the individual s education? Since ES may reflect a greater family involvement with the individual, what is the role of emotional components derived from this involvement in the cognitive improvement? These and other questions are part of the continuity of this study === A s?ndrome de Down ? uma das causas mais freq?entes da defici?ncia intelectual, afetando um a cada 600 a 1.000 beb?s nascidos vivos. Estudos demonstram que pessoas com s?ndrome de Down (SD) apresentam uma menor capacidade de mem?ria de curto prazo (MCP) e mem?ria operacional (MO), que s?o apontadas como poss?vel base dos processos de aprendizagem. Os indiv?duos com SD s?o cada vez mais inclu?dos no sistema regular de ensino, e, no entanto, poucas pesquisas foram realizadas para investigar a influ?ncia do contexto escolar no desenvolvimento da mem?ria nesses indiv?duos. Nesse sentido, esse estudo buscou investigar a rela??o da escolar regular e da escola especial com o desempenho nos testes para MCP, assim como a rela??o desse desempenho com a estimula??o precoce (EP). Duas pesquisas foram realizadas. Os testes utilizados na primeira pesquisa foram o span de d?gito, o de recorda??o livre e de reconhecimento de palavras, e subtestes da Escala Wechsler de Intelig?ncia para Crian?as terceira edi??o (WISC-III). Os indiv?duos matriculados na escola regular obtiveram maiores pontua??es no teste de span de d?gito e nos subtestes do WISC-III. Nos testes de recorda??o livre e de reconhecimento de palavras nenhuma diferen?a foi encontrada. Este estudo indicou que o contexto escolar pode influir no desenvolvimento da mem?ria dos indiv?duos com SD e aponta para a necessidade de futuras investiga??es. A segunda pesquisa investigou os efeitos da EP e os testes realizados foram o span de d?gito, a recorda??o livre de palavras e subtestes do WISC-III. Os resultados dos testes evidenciaram melhor desempenho na fase adulta das pessoas que receberam EP antes dos seis meses de idade. Os dois trabalhos demonstraram melhora na MCP tanto nas pessoas que freq?entaram ou freq?entavam a escola regular, como aquelas que se beneficiaram da EP antes dos seis meses de idade. Entretanto, algumas quest?es ainda precisam ser aprofundadas. Qual a rela??o dessa estimula??o com a escolariza??o do indiv?duo? Uma vez que estimula??o precoce pode refletir maior envolvimento familiar com o indiv?duo, qual o papel dos componentes emocionais resultantes desse envolvimento na melhora cognitiva? Essas e outras quest?es fazem parte da continuidade desse estudo