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Previous issue date: 2007-03-28 === Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico === Literature has demonstrated to the narrow relation between deleterious habits and the occurrence of malocclusion in minors of 5 years. The existence of these habits, however, already considered as risk factors, having also, its determinative ones, which present cultural dimensions and economic social, many of them related to the parents of the child, having in account that such habits if develop in phases in which the child establish a narrow relation of dependence. This study it had an objective to investigate the prevalence of deleterious buccal habits in children and its relation with the economic social and characteristics of the parents. It was developed an epidemiologist study of transversal character with interview, through daily pay-tested form, with 218 parents in the day of the National Campaign of Vaccination. In the cast of the variable that had composed the study, they had been used, as changeable dependents, the use of the baby's bottle, bottle and the digital suction, being considered as outcomes of the research. Amongst the independent variable, the economic social factors (type of occupation, number of children, civil state, sort, schooling and age) and staffs of the parents (self perception in oral health) had entered as the variable to be analyzed in the problems of the infantile odontology. The collected data had been submitted to the analysis descriptive and inferential statistics, being used the test qui-square and the analysis of the possibility reasons. As main results, it was found that breast feeding before the six months if presents as one of the main factors of risk for the use of baby's bottle (p< 0.001, OR= 2.8, I.C= 1.589 4.906), bottle (p< 0.001, OR= 3.7, I.C.= 2.076 6.624) and digital suction (p< 0.014, OR= 3.5, I.C.= 1.225 10.181). From the data found, one concludes that breast-feeding is considered a primordial factor for not the installation of deleterious oral habits and that the economic social and cultural factors can reflect in central way in the performance of this act === A literatura tem demonstrado a estreita rela??o entre h?bitos orais delet?rios e a ocorr?ncia de maloclus?o em menores de 5 anos. A exist?ncia desses h?bitos, entretanto, j? considerados como fatores de risco, possui, tamb?m, seus determinantes, os quais apresentam dimens?es culturais e socioecon?micas muitas delas relacionadas ao cuidador da crian?a, tendo em conta que tais h?bitos se desenvolvem em fases nas quais a crian?a estabelece uma estreita rela??o de depend?ncia. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a preval?ncia de h?bitos bucais delet?rios em crian?as e sua rela??o com as caracter?sticas socioecon?micas e comportamentais dos cuidadores. Desenvolveu-se um estudo epidemiol?gico de car?ter transversal com entrevista, atrav?s de formul?rio pr?-testado, com 218 cuidadores no dia da Campanha Nacional de Vacina??o. No elenco das vari?veis que compuseram o estudo, utilizaram-se, como vari?veis dependentes, o uso da mamadeira, chupeta e a suc??o digital, sendo consideradas como desfechos da pesquisa. Dentre as vari?veis independentes, os fatores socioecon?micos (tipo de ocupa??o, n?mero de filhos, estado civil, g?nero, escolaridade e idade) e pessoais do cuidador (autopercep??o em sa?de bucal) entraram como as vari?veis a serem analisadas nos problemas da odontologia infantil. Os dados coletados foram submetidos ? an?lise estat?stica descritiva e inferencial, sendo utilizado o teste qui-quadrado e a an?lise das raz?es de chance. O aleitamento materno inferior a seis meses apresenta como um dos principais fatores de risco para o uso da mamadeira (p< 0,001, OR= 2,8, I.C= 1,589 4,906), chupeta (p< 0,001, OR= 3,7, I.C.= 2,076 - 6,624) e a suc??o digital (p< 0,014, OR= 3,5, I.C.= 1,225 - 10,181). A partir dos dados encontrados, conclui-se que a amamenta??o materna ? considerada um fator primordial para a n?o instala??o de h?bitos orais delet?rios e que os fatores econ?micos e culturais podem refletir de maneira decisiva no desempenho deste ato
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