Efeitos do envelhecimento ambiental acelerado em comp?sitos polim?ricos

• Main Author: Rodrigues, Leonardo Pereira Sarmento
• Other Authors: CPF:16080564491
• Format: Others
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte 2014
• Subjects: Envelhecimento ambiental; Fibras vegetais; Comp?sitos h?bridos; Propriedades mec?nicas; Aging environmental; Fiber plants; Hybrid composites; Mechanical properties; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA MECANICA
• Online Access: http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15538

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:57:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeonardoPSR.pdf: 5835314 bytes, checksum: 12deb1964ac794f5dcc1b8fb3ba5e4c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-26 === The advantages of the use of vegetable fibers on the synthetic fibers, such as glass fibers, in the reinforcements in composites are: low cost, low density, good tenacity, good thermal properties and reduced use of instruments for their treatment or processing. However, problems related to poor performance of some mechanical natural fibers, have hindered its direct use in structural elements. In this sense, the emergence of alternative materials such as hybrids composites, involving natural and synthetic fibers, has been encouraged by seeking to improve the performance of structural composites based only on natural fibers. The differences between the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of these fibers, especially facing the adverse environmental conditions such as the presence of moisture and ultraviolet radiation, is also becoming a concern in the final response of these composites. This piece of research presents a comparative study of the strength and stiffness between two composite, both of ortoftalic polyester matrix, one reinforced with fibers of glass-E (CV) and other hybrid reinforced with natural fibers of curau? and fiberglass-E (CH). All the comparative study is based on the influence of exposure to UV rays and steam heated water in composites, simulating the aging environment. The conditions for the tests are accelerated through the use of the aging chamber. The composites will be evaluated through tests of uniaxial static mechanical traction and bending on three points. The composite of glass fiber and hybrid manufacturing industry are using the rolling manual (hand lay-up) and have been developed in the form of composites. All were designed to meet possible structural applications such as tanks and pipes. The reinforcements used in composites were in the forms of short fiber glass-E quilts (450g/m2 - 5cm) of continuous wires and fuses (whose title was of 0.9 dtex) for the curau? fibers. The results clearly show the influence of aging on the environmental mechanical performance of the composite CV and CH. The issues concerning the final characteristics of the fracture for all types of cargoes studied were also analyzed === As vantagens do uso de fibras vegetais sobre as fibras sint?ticas, como as fibras de vidro, no refor?o de comp?sitos s?o: baixo custo, baixa densidade, boa tenacidade, boas propriedades t?rmicas e uso reduzido de instrumentos para o seu tratamento ou processamento. Por?m, problemas relacionados com o baixo desempenho mec?nico de algumas fibras vegetais, t?m dificultado seu uso direto em elementos estruturais. Neste sentido, o aparecimento de materiais alternativos, como os comp?sitos h?bridos, envolvendo fibras sint?ticas e naturais, vem sendo incentivado buscando-se melhorar o desempenho estrutural dos comp?sitos a base s? de fibras vegetais. As diferen?as entre as propriedades f?sicas, qu?micas e mec?nicas dessas fibras, principalmente frente ?s condi??es ambientais adversas, como a presen?a de umidade e radia??o ultravioleta, vem se tornando uma preocupa??o a mais na resposta final desses comp?sitos. No presente trabalho de investiga??o apresenta-se um estudo comparativo da resist?ncia e rigidez entre dois comp?sitos, ambos de matriz poli?ster ortoft?lica, sendo um refor?ado com fibras de vidro-E (CV) e o outro h?brido refor?ado com fibras vegetais de curau? e fibra de vidro-E (CH). Todo o estudo comparativo teve como base a influ?ncia da exposi??o ? raios UV e vapor d ?gua aquecido nos comp?sitos, simulando o envelhecimento ambiental. As condi??es de ensaios s?o aceleradas atrav?s do uso da c?mara de envelhecimento. Os comp?sitos ser?o avaliados atrav?s de ensaios mec?nicos est?ticos de tra??o uniaxial e flex?o em tr?s pontos. Os comp?sitos de fibra de vidro e h?bridos s?o de fabrica??o industrial utilizando o processo de lamina??o manual (hand lay-up) e foram desenvolvidos na forma de comp?sitos. Todos foram projetados para atender poss?veis aplica??es estruturais, como reservat?rios e tubula??es. Os refor?os utilizados nos comp?sitos foram na formas de mantas de fibras vidro-E curtas (450g/m2 5cm) e mechas de fios cont?nuos (cujo t?tulo foi de 0,9 dtex) para as fibras de curau?. Os resultados obtidos mostram claramente a influ?ncia do envelhecimento ambiental no desempenho mec?nico dos comp?sitos CV e CH. Tamb?m foram analisados aspectos referentes ?s caracter?sticas finais da fratura para todos os tipos de carregamentos estudados