Estudo psicossocial das perdas dent?rias na terceira idade

• Main Author: Piuvezam, Grasiela
• Other Authors: CPF:15590097487
• Format: Others
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte 2014
• Subjects: Odontologia geri?trica; Odontologia em sa?de p?blica; Perda de dente; Idosos; Sa?de bucal; Geriatric dentistry; Public health dentistry; Tooth loss; Elderly; Oral health; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE
• Online Access: http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13418

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:14:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GrazielaP.pdf: 755554 bytes, checksum: 131d0429ce10a8cc95c2e615aea92043 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-10-19 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior === The present study seeks to understand tooth loss by investigating the social representations in the daily life of elderly individuals, thus characterizing itself as a comparative and analytic research. It is known that tooth loss is a common occurrence in elderly individuals, interfering at the psychosocial and biological levels, through its functional, esthetical and social implications. The area of oral health in Brazil is lacking studies on this topic, especially with respect to the psychosocial aspects of the elderly. The Theory of Social Representations and the Central Nucleus Theory were selected for theoretical-methodological support. The Free Association of Words Test was used, whose inducing stimulus were the words tooth loss , in which each subject was asked to associate 3 words, to respond to a questionnaire related to socio-economic conditions and containing an investigation of tooth loss, access to odontological services and the need for dental treatment, and to undergo a focus group interview. The study sample consisted of 120 individuals 60 years of age or over, resident in Natal, RN, Brazil and participants of the Live Together to Live Better group of the Basic Health Unit of Felipe Camar?o Residential District and Unati (Open University of the Elderly); an interview was performed with 36 subjects. Data analysis was performed by Evoc 2000, SPSS/99, Graph Pad and Alceste softwares. The results demonstrate that the central nucleus of the social representations of tooth loss for the Live Together group emerged from the difficulty in eating categories, showing a relation between physiologic necessity, desire and pleasure from eating, not to mention the pain that resulted from justifying the tooth loss. Besides the central discourses, the following peripheral elements were gathered: difficulty in adapting to the prosthesis, treatment and difficulty in speaking. All of these categories, except the last, also comprised the class themes of the group interview. For the Unati group the central nucleus emerged from the socio-economic difficulties categories, demonstrating a narrow relation between poverty, access to health and education and esthetics, confirming in the discourse of common sense, the association between tooth loss and aging. At the margin of the central discourses was collected the peripheral element difficulty in adapting to the prosthesis, found both in the Live Together and Unati groups, which expresses the resistance of the subject to this new situation and the failure of the rehabilitation treatment in the sense of reviving the memory of their natural teeth. All of these categories also constitute the class themes of the of the group interview. Thus, through the study of the social representations, we can reveal a reality in the perspective of the social subjects, contemplating the multiple facets of the social-cultural reality experienced by these individuals === O presente estudo buscou compreender a tem?tica das perdas dent?rias, investigando as representa??es sociais no cotidiano de sujeitos da terceira idade e caracterizando-se como uma investiga??o comparativa e anal?tica. Como pressuposto, tem-se que as perdas dent?rias s?o achados comuns no cotidiano das pessoas idosas e interferem no ?mbito psicossocial e biol?gico, atrav?s de suas implica??es funcionais, est?ticas e sociais. A ?rea de sa?de bucal no Brasil carece de estudos sobre esse tema, sobretudo com um recorte psicossocial voltado para terceira idade. A Teoria das Representa??es Sociais e a Teoria do N?cleo Central foram escolhidas como suporte te?ricometodol?gico. Utilizou-se a Teste da Evoca??o Livre de Palavras cujo est?mulo indutor foram as palavras perdas dent?rias , em que para cada sujeito foi solicitada a evoca??o de 03 palavras, um question?rio para caracteriza??o s?cio-econ?mica contendo tamb?m uma investiga??o das quest?es relativas ?s perdas dent?rias, o acesso a servi?os odontol?gicos al?m da necessidade de tratamento odontol?gico e uma entrevista do tipo grupo focal. Os sujeitos dessa pesquisa foram 120 indiv?duos com idade igual ou superior ? sessenta anos, residentes em Natal, RN e participantes do Grupo Conviver para Melhor Viver da Unidade B?sica de Sa?de do Bairro de Felipe Camar?o e da Unati (Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade), a entrevista foi realizada com 36 sujeitos. A an?lise dos dados foi realizada pelos softwares Evoc 2000, SPSS/99, Graph Pad Instat e pelo Alceste. Os resultados demonstraram que o n?cleo central das representa??es sociais das perdas dent?rias para o grupo Conviver emergiu a partir das categorias dificuldade de comer, observando uma rela??o entre necessidade fisiol?gica, desejo e prazer em alimentar-se. Al?m disso, a dor, que foi evocada no sentido de justificar as perdas dent?rias. ? margem dos discursos centrais foram apreendidos os elementos perif?ricos dificuldade de adapta??o ? pr?tese, tratamento e dificuldade de falar, todas essas categorias, com exce??o da ?ltima tamb?m constitu?ram os temas das classes na an?lise dos discursos. Para o grupo da Unati o n?cleo central emergiu a partir das categorias dificuldade s?cio-econ?mica demonstrando uma estreita rela??o entre a pobreza, o acesso ? sa?de e ? educa??o e est?tica, confirmando no discurso do senso comum a associa??o entre a perda dent?ria e o envelhecimento. ? margem dos discursos centrais foi apreendido o elemento perif?rico dificuldade de adapta??o ? pr?tese encontrado tanto no grupo Conviver quanto no grupo da Unati e que expressa a resist?ncia do sujeito a esta nova situa??o e o insucesso do tratamento reabilitador no sentido de resgatar a mem?ria dos dentes naturais. Todas essas categorias tamb?m constitu?ram os temas das classes na an?lise dos discursos. Assim, pudemos, atrav?s do estudo das representa??es sociais revelar uma realidade na perspectiva dos sujeitos sociais, contemplando as m?ltiplas facetas da realidade s?cio-cultural vivenciada pelos sujeitos