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Previous issue date: 2007-05-02 === Rio Grande do Norte State stands out as one great producer of structural clay of the brazilian northeastern. The Valley Assu ceramic tiles production stands out obtained from ilitics ball clays that abound in the region under study. Ceramics formulation and the design of experiments with mixture approach, has been applied for researchers, come as an important aid to decrease the number of experiments necessary to the optimization. In this context, the objective of this work is to evaluate the effects of the formulation, temperature and heating rate in the physical-mechanical properties of the red ceramic body used for roofing tile fabrication of the Valley Assu, using design of mixture experiments. Four clays samples used in two ceramics industry of the region were use as raw material and characterized by X-ray diffraction, chemical composition, differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), particle size distribution analysis and plasticity techniques. Afterwards, they were defined initial molded bodies and made specimens were then prepared by uniaxial pressing at 25 MPa before firing at 850, 950 and 1050 ?C in a laboratory furnace, with heating rate in the proportions of 5, 10 e 15 ?C/min. The following tecnologicals properties were evaluated: linear firing shrinkage, water absorption and flexural strength. Results show that the temperature 1050 ?C and heating rate of 5 ?C/min was the best condition, therefore presented significance in all physical-mechanical properties. The model was accepted as valid based of the production of three new formulations with fractions mass diferents of the initial molded bodies and heated with temperature at 1050 ?C and heating rate of 5 ?C/min. Considering the formulation, temperature and heating rate as variables of the equations, another model was suggested, where from the aplication of design of experiments with mixtures was possible to get a best formulation, whose experimental error is the minor in relation to the too much formulations === O Estado do Rio Grande do Norte ? um dos principais produtores de cer?mica vermelha do nordeste brasileiro. A regi?o do Vale do Assu destaca-se na produ??o de telhas cer?micas, cuja principal constitui??o s?o argilas pl?sticas il?ticas, abundantes na regi?o. O estudo das formula??es de massas cer?micas, juntamente com o aux?lio do planejamento experimental para misturas, tem sido utilizado por pesquisadores, visando a diminui??o do n?mero de experimentos necess?rios para a otimiza??o de formula??es. Neste contexto, este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar o efeito das formula??es, temperatura e taxa de queima nas propriedades f?sico-mec?nicas das massas cer?micas para fabrica??o de telhas da regi?o do Vale do Assu, utilizando planejamento de experimentos para misturas. Quatro argilas usadas em duas ind?strias cer?micas da regi?o foram utilizadas como mat?ria-prima e submetidas a ensaios de difra??o de raio X, composi??o qu?mica, TG/DTA, distribui??o de tamanho de part?cula e plasticidade. Foram definidas formula??es iniciais e confeccionados corpos-de-prova por prensagem uniaxial e de simples efeito a 25 MPa e queimados a 850, 950 e 1050 ?C, com taxas de aquecimento de 5, 10 e 15 ?C/min. As propriedades tecnol?gicas de queima avaliadas foram retra??o linear, absor??o de ?gua e resist?ncia ? flex?o (tr?s pontos). Resultados mostram que a temperatura 1050 ?C e taxa de aquecimento de 5 ?C/min foi a melhor condi??o de queima, pois apresentou efeito de signific?ncia em todas as propriedades f?sico-mec?ncias. O modelo foi validado a partir da produ??o de tr?s novas formula??es com fra??es m?ssicas diferentes das formula??es iniciais e queimadas com temperatura a 1050 ?C e taxa de queima de 5 ?C/min. Considerando as formula??es, temperaturas e taxas de aquecimento como vari?veis das equa??es, outro modelo foi sugerido, onde a partir da aplica??o do planejamento de experimentos para misturas foi poss?vel obter uma formula??o ?tima, cujo erro experimental ? o menor em rela??o ?s demais formula??es
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