A??o de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff, 1879) Sorokin, 1883 e Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuilllemin, 1912 sobre Ctenocephalides felis felis (Bo?che, 1835) (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae).

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:16:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-Denise Ribeiro de Melo.pdf: 1195079 bytes, checksum: 56cd5f0ff98087ea5e33db0b49c330f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-23 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior === Fleas are ectoparasites...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Melo, Denise Ribeiro de
Other Authors: Bittencourt, V?nia Rita Elias Pinheiro
Format: Others
Language:Portuguese
Published: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro 2016
Subjects:
Online Access:https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/843
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Summary:Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:16:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-Denise Ribeiro de Melo.pdf: 1195079 bytes, checksum: 56cd5f0ff98087ea5e33db0b49c330f4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-23 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior === Fleas are ectoparasites commonly found in dogs and cats and the species Ctenocephalides felis (Bouch?, 1835) are the most found in these animals. Ctenocephalides felis felis life cycle is influenced by temperature and humidity. This haematophagous insect feeds for approximately 30 days; its bite can cause allergic dermatitis and also can transmit several etiologic agents to domestic animals and humans. The objectives of the work were verifying the in vitro pathogenicity of the fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana on eggs and adults of C. felis felis and investigated by scanning electron microscopy the development of entomopathogenic fungi on flea cuticle. Fleas were exposed to conidia (108 ml 1) of Metarhizium anisopliae (isolate 959) or Beauveria bassiana (isolate 986). The eggs and the adults used in the experiments were obtained from the colony, and were aspirated for the tubes (10 each). In the tests of effectiveness, the bioassays were constituted of two groups control and four groups treated with the suspensions in the concentrations 105, 106, 107 and 108 conidia.mL-1, and for each treatment they were made ten repetitions. Each group received a milliliter of the suspension to be tested, staying immersed by three minutes. The observations were done on each 12 hours and during the experimental phase the tubes were conditioned in acclimatized chamber in 25 1 C e = 75 % of relative humidity. The results demonstrated that the concentration 108 conidia.mL-1 of the two species inhibited the larval eclosion and caused the mortality of adults. Following standard protocols for electron microscopy, the specimens were prepared 2, 15, 26 and 96 h after infection. Glutaraldehyde 2.5% was used as a fixative. The electromicrography revealed that 2 h after fungus exposure, conidia attachments encompassed the entire flea cuticle, especially on abdominal intersegmental membranes. The emergence of germ tubes and appressoria formation occurred at 15 h, thickening and branching of hyphae on the flea cuticle was noted at 26 h. Therefore, both of these fungal isolates were able to develop on cuticular surfaces of Ctenocephalides felis felis. === As pulgas s?o ectoparasitas comumente encontrados em c?es e gatos, sendo a esp?cie Ctenocephalides felis (Bouch?, 1835), a mais encontrada nestes animais. O ciclo de Ctenocephalides felis felis ? influenciado pela temperatura, umidade e a alimenta??o se completa em aproximadamente 30 dias. A sua picada pode acarretar manifesta??o de dermatites al?rgicas, como tamb?m transmitir diversos agentes etiol?gicos aos animais dom?sticos e aos homens. O objetivo do trabalho foi de verificar a patogenicidade in vitro dos fungos Metarhizium anisopliae e Beauveria bassiana sobre ovos e adultos de C. felis felis e o desenvolvimento do fungo sobre a cut?cula da pulga, atrav?s da microscopia eletr?nica de varredura. Os isolados testados foram o M. anisopliae 959 e B. bassiana 986 na concentra??o 108 con?dios/mL. Os ovos e os adultos utilizados nos experimentos foram obtidos a partir da col?nia de onde foram aspirados em n?mero de dez para os tubos de ensaios. Nos testes de efic?cia, os bioensaios foram constitu?dos de dois grupos controle e quatro grupos tratados com as suspens?es nas concentra??es 105, 106, 107 e 108 con?dios.mL-1, e para cada tratamento foram feitas dez repeti??es. Cada grupo recebeu, um mililitro da suspens?o a ser testada, permanecendo imersos por tr?s minutos. A leitura foi realizada a cada 12h e durante todo a fase experimental os tubos ficaram acondicionados em c?mara climatizada a 25 ? 1?C e = 75 % UR. Os resultados demonstraram que a concentra??o 108 con?dios.ml-1 das duas esp?cies avaliadas se destacou das demais devido ao efeito delet?rio observado sobre larvas e adultos. Para a observa??o do desenvolvimento do fungo, as pulgas foram processadas em diferentes per?odos ap?s a infec??o, estipulados em 2, 15, 26 e 96 horas. O fixador utilizado foi o glutaralde?do 2,5 % e o material foi processado, segundo protocolo rotineiro para a microscopia eletr?nica de varredura. Com a obten??o das eletromicrografias, pode-se observar que com 2 horas os con?dios estavam aderidos por toda a cut?cula, situando-se preferencialmente nas membranas intersegmentais do abdome. Com 15 horas observouse a forma??o do tubo de germina??o e a cabe?a do apress?rio. Ap?s 26 horas foi poss?vel observar as ramifica??es e o engrossamento das hifas sobre a cut?cula das pulgas, indicando que os fungos testados foram capazes de se desenvolver sobre a cut?cula das mesmas.