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Previous issue date: 2006-04-27 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior === This work focuses on the analysis of the agroecological experience of Araponga, city at Zona
da Mata region of Minas Gerais and, from the retake of its history, tries to understand in what
level this experience influences the formation of access of the farmers to different resources,
material and non-material. It tries to understand also the importance of this access. The
network arrangements, for the experience and how these processes contribute to change
power relationships locally, both for the farmers as for the organizations involved in this
experience. After this study of case was carried out, after the interviews, with technicians and
farmers, it was seen that the experience had contributed for the construction of three main
routes: Land, market and public administration and that these routes are essential for the very
development of the experience. The land, as the central mediator element of the social
relations in the place is priority access for the survival of the farmers and for the construction
of the ecological proposal. Joining an autonomous experiment of the farmers of Araponga for
the access to land - named by them land conquest with the agroecological proposal, a
resignification of the land and of the resources offered by it is seen, and also that the access
that becomes more than the possession. With this initiative, changes have been observed in
the relationships of power, mainly in the aspect of production, but also related to market
relations and politics demanding more specific actions in these areas from those involved in
the experiment. Thus, new initiatives to conquer better access to the market, as the creation, in
the city, of the market of the Family Farmers of Araponga Association or the strategy for
organic coffee commercialization have been started. On the regard of the access to local
public government, the agents involved in the experiment create actions to influence the
project and the creation of public policies, both in the city and in other areas of the public
government. From these relations, changes in the power relationships come, both for the
farmers (mainly in the production area) as for the other agents involved in the experiment.
However, this improvement brings new conflicts that need the development of the farmers
capacity to be tackled and more intervention by the mediators. In all this process, the links
built by this agroecological network and the micro nets that point the local social relationships
play an important role giving support and agility to the development of the strategies adopted
in the experiment. One of the strong points of this experiment is related to the link among
different practices and strategies that foster distribution and management of resources, the
organization process and the initiative as a whole. === Este trabalho centra-se na an?lise da experi?ncia agroecol?gica de Araponga, munic?pio da
zona da Mata de Minas Gerais e, a partir do resgate de sua trajet?ria, procura entender em que
medida esta experi?ncia influencia a constru??o de acessos dos agricultores a diferentes
recursos, materiais e n?o materiais. Procura tamb?m entender a import?ncia destes acessos,
dos arranjos em rede para a experi?ncia e como tais processos contribuem para mudar
rela??es de poder no ?mbito local, tanto para os agricultores como para as organiza??es
envolvidas nesta experi?ncia. Da realiza??o deste estudo de caso, das entrevistas com t?cnicos
e agricultores, constatou-se que a experi?ncia tem contribu?do para a constru??o de tr?s
acessos principais: terra, mercado e poder p?blico e que tais acessos s?o essenciais para o
pr?prio desenvolvimento da experi?ncia. A terra, como elemento mediador central das
rela??es sociais no local ? acesso priorit?rio para a sobreviv?ncia dos agricultores e para a
implementa??o da proposta agroecol?gica. Da jun??o de uma experi?ncia aut?noma dos
agricultores de Araponga para acesso ? terra denominada por eles de conquista de terras
com a proposta agroecol?gica, observa-se uma resignifica??o da terra e dos recursos que ela
oferece, bem como do pr?prio acesso que passa a ser mais do que a posse. A partir desta
iniciativa, observam-se mudan?as nas rela??es de poder, sobretudo no espa?o da produ??o,
mas tamb?m no ?mbito das rela??es de mercado e da pol?tica, demandando tamb?m daqueles
que est?o envolvidos na experi?ncia a??es mais espec?ficas nestas ?reas. Assim, surgem
iniciativas para conquistar melhor acesso ao mercado, tais como a cria??o, no munic?pio, do
mercado da Associa??o dos Agricultores Familiares de Araponga ou estrat?gia para
comercializa??o de caf? org?nico. Em rela??o ao acesso ao poder p?blico local, os atores
envolvidos na experi?ncia desenvolvem a??es com vistas a influenciar a elabora??o e a
implementa??o de pol?ticas p?blicas, tanto no munic?pio como em outras inst?ncias do poder
p?blico. De tais articula??es surgem mudan?as nas rela??es de poder, tanto para agricultores
(sobretudo no espa?o da produ??o) quanto para os demais atores envolvidos na experi?ncia.
No entanto, estes ganhos desencadeiam novos conflitos que, para serem enfrentados,
demandam o desenvolvimento de mais capacidades dos agricultores e maior interven??o dos
mediadores. Em todo este processo, os v?nculos constru?dos por meio da rede agroecol?gica e
das microrredes que marcam as rela??es sociais no local desempenham papel importante
dando apoio e agilidade para o desenvolvimento das estrat?gias adotadas na experi?ncia. Um
dos pontos fortes desta experi?ncia est? relacionado ? integra??o entre as diferentes pr?ticas e
estrat?gias que potencializam a aplica??o e a gest?o de recursos, o processo de organiza??o e
a iniciativa como um todo.
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