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Previous issue date: 2016-02-03 === Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior === Morphology studies provide knowledge that allow us to understand how animals interact with
the natural environment or in captivity. In this context, the comparative anatomy of the
formation of the brachial plexus awakens interest since the nineteenth century and remains
one of the most intriguing topics of contemporary anatomy. The aim of this study was to
describe the origin and the antimeric distribution of the brachial plexus nerves in Macaca
mulatta, as well as the innervated muscles. Ten male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were
used, from the Non-human Primates? Breeding Department at the Laboratory Animals
Breeding Centre (Cecal/Fiocruz), donated to the Animal Anatomy Department of the Rural
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). The specimens were fixed in formaldehyde
solution by infusion of 10% solution. They were subsequently wrapped in a low-density
polythene container with 500 liters of formaldehyde 30% solution over a period of 12 months.
After this period, they were washed in running water and subjected to X-ray examinations of
the neck at the Small Animals Veterinary Hospital of the UFRRJ to characterize the number
of cervical vertebrae. Then, they had both antimeres dissected aiming at the exposure of the
origins and the nerves arising from the brachial plexus. Data were presented both in absolute
frequency and in simple percentage. In 11 (55%) animals the resulting nerves were
constituted by the connections between the ventral spinal branches C5, C6, C7, C8 and T1. In
5 (25%) animals, the participants roots were C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 and T2. In 2 (10%)
animals C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 and T2. In the other 2 (10%) animals the formation of the plexus
was observed from C6, C7, C8, T1 and T2. The ventral branches formed three nerve trunks:
cranial, middle and caudal. The suprascapular nerves, subscapular, axillary,
musculocutaneous, radial, median, ulnar innervated the intrinsic muscles and the subclavian
nerve innervated the thoracodorsal, medial cutaneous arm and forearm, long thoracic, cranial
pectoral and caudal pectoral innervate extrinsic muscles. The results obtained in this study
contribute to the comparative anatomy of primates and to the information for applied
research, serving as basis for clinical and surgical procedures that uses this species as an
animal model. === Estudos morfol?gicos fornecem conhecimentos que permitem entender o modo como os
animais interagem com o ambiente natural ou em cativeiro. O objetivo desse estudo foi
descrever a origem e a distribui??o antim?rica dos nervos do plexo braquial em Macaca
mulatta, assim como dos m?sculos inervados. Foram utilizados 10 cad?veres de Macaca
mulatta do sexo masculino, oriundos do Servi?o de Cria??o de Primatas N?o Humanos do
Centro de Cria??o de Animais de Laborat?rio (Cecal/Fiocruz) doados a ?rea de Anatomia
Animal da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). Os esp?cimes foram
fixados com perfus?o de solu??o de formalde?do a 10%. Posteriormente, foram
acondicionados em caixas de polietileno de baixa densidade com capacidade de 500 litros
contendo solu??o de formalde?do a 30% por um per?odo de 12 meses. Ap?s este per?odo,
foram lavados em ?gua corrente e submetidos a exames radiogr?ficos da regi?o cervical no
Hospital Veterin?rio de Pequenos Animais da UFRRJ para a caracteriza??o do n?mero de
v?rtebras cervicais. Em seguida, foram dissecados at? a exposi??o das origens e dos nervos
oriundos do plexo braquial. Os dados foram representados em frequ?ncia absoluta e
percentual simples. Em 11 (55%) os nervos resultantes foram constitu?dos das conex?es entre
os ramos espinhais ventrais de C5, C6, C7, C8 e T1. Em 5 (25%) as ra?zes participantes foram
C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 e T2. Em 2 (10%) de C5, C6, C7, C8, T1 e T2. Em outros 2 (10%)
verificamos a constitui??o do plexo a partir de C6, C7, C8, T1 e T2. Os ramos ventrais
formaram tr?s troncos nervosos: cranial, m?dio e caudal. Os nervos supraescapular,
subescapulares, axilar, musculocut?neo, radial, mediano, ulnar inervaram a musculatura
intr?nseca e os nervos subcl?vios, toracodorsal, tor?cico longo, peitoral cranial e peitoral
caudal inervaram a musculatura extr?nseca. Tamb?m foram registrados os nervos cut?neos
oriundos do plexo braquial, sendo eles o nervo cut?neo medial do bra?o, nervo cut?neo
medial do antebra?o e ramos para a musculatura cut?nea do tronco. Os dados descritos neste
estudo contribuem para a anatomia comparada de primatas e fornecem informa??es para a
pesquisa aplicada, servindo como base para procedimentos cl?nico-cir?rgicos em que venha a
se utilizar esta esp?cie como modelo experimental.
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