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Previous issue date: 2010-05-31 === Fundação Ford === In the 1980s, several government-sponsored projects were directed at improving the
relationship between the Terena people and the white population. The most recent of those
projects the construction of a gas pipeline running from Bolivia to Brazil served as a test
case in that relationship. The negotiations around the implementation of the project brought to
the surface the contrast between the decision making process which is characteristic of the
Terena people and that of the non-indigenous authorities and their organizations in question.
Up until then, the Terena leadership had never been consulted or invited to participate in the
planning stage of projects aimed at the indigenous population. As a consequence, most of
those projects and public policies have failed, due to the fact that they had been decided in the
offices of the bureaucrats without the input of the receptors. The highlight of the gas pipeline
project negotiations happened during a meeting between the representatives of the national
and international agencies involved in the project, on the one hand, and the Terena leadership,
on the other, whose venue was in Campo Grande, the capital of the State. On that occasion,
the Terena clashed with the white representatives who proposed using the geographical
distance between the Terena settlements and the actual pipeline as the sole factor in the
financial compensation for the impact which the project would have on the indigenous
territory and population. The argument advanced by the Terena leadership, at the time, was
that the criterion proposed was contrary to their traditional decision making process. The
Terena make their group decisions on the basis of the interaction between the extended family
groups as well as the reciprocity of interests within their communities. The present study
describes and analyzes negotiation which took place around the gas pipeline project vis-à-vis
the features of the decision-making process which is characteristic of the Terena people. The
chronology of the negotiation process is given as well as the attending results which derived
from the entire process itself === Na década de 1980 vários foram os projetos de políticas publicas destinados aos Terena no
Distrito de Taunay, com objetivo de facilitar a relação dos povos indígenas com o mundo do
branco. O projeto mais recente foi a construção do Gasoduto Bolivia-Brasil que passa nas
proximidades das terras indígenas, servindo de marco revelador no processo de negociação e
de decisão das lideranças Terena. Até então as lideranças Terena nunca foram convidadas e
nem tão pouco consultadas para participar na elaboração dos projetos destinados as
populações indígenas. Como conseqüência, a maioria dos projetos de políticas publica
fracassaram em decorrência de serem construídos em gabinetes, sem a participação da parte
interessada. O fator mais importante nesta construção do Gasoduto foi a reunião que
aconteceu, em Campo Grande-MS, entre os representantes institucionais nacionais e
internacionais envolvidos no projeto e as lideranças indígenas. As lideranças Terena
reprovaram a metodologia apresentada na reunião que usava a distancia como critério
empregado pela empresa responsável na construção do Gasbol. As lideranças Terena
argumentaram que o critério de distancia não faz parte do processo decisório dos Terena, que
se baseia na interação entre grupos familiares extensas, bem como a reciprocidade no
interesse comum e que são povos unidos independente de distancia. Passados dez anos, a
implantação do Gasoduto, os recursos aplicados nas aldeias em sua maior parte não trouxeram
resultados desejados. A explicação de certos fracassos tem como matriz a desvalorização e
desconhecimento do processo decisório do Terena
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