| Summary: | === In the present study we investigated the effects of physical training ontreadmill on the acute phase of Y strain T. cruzi infection in adult rats. Thetreadmill training was carried out for three weeks. We analyzed the expression of neurotrophic factors (BDNF and NGF) and cytokines (IFNã, TNFá and IL-10) in the lumbar spinal cord, sciatic nerve, skeletal muscle and serum during the acute phase of this infection. We have demonstrated by histometric analysis that physical training delays the establishment of the inflammatory process in the soleus muscle. Our results showed the occurrence of glioinflammatory nodules and parasitism of glial cells in all the infected animals submitted or notto treadmill training. We also have shown that infection the T. cruzi infection in adult rats results in increased expression of BDNF in the spinal cord. Our results indicate the importance of further studies about the effects of physical training on the experimental infection with T. cruzi in the neuromuscular system of adult rats. === No presente trabalho investigamos os efeitos do treinamento fisico emesteira sobre a fase aguda da infeccao experimental com cepa Y deTrypanosoma cruzi em ratos adultos. Os animais foram submetidos,previamente a infeccao, a treinamento por tres semanas consecutivas.Analisamos a expressao de fatores neurotroficos (BDNF e NGF) e citocinas (IFNÁ, TNF¿ e IL-10) na regiao lombar da medula espinhal, no nervo ciatico, no musculo soleo e em soro durante a fase aguda da infeccao. Demonstramos, por analise histometrica, que o treinamento fisico atrasa a instalacao do infiltrado inflamatorio no musculo soleo. Na regiao lombar da medula espinhal, observamos nodulos glioinflamatorios e parasitismo de celulas gliais nos animais treinados e nao treinados no vigesimo dia de infeccao. Mostramos tambem que a infeccao com a cepa Y de T. cruzi em ratos adultos resulta em expressao aumentada de BDNF na medula espinhal independente do treinamento fisico. Nossos resultados indicam a relevancia do estudo do efeito do treinamento fisico sobre a infeccao experimental com T. cruzi no sistemaneuromuscular de ratos adultos.
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