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Previous issue date: 2016-06-24 === This study addresses the issue of the construction and practice of the maternal role and aims at understanding the maternal role of adopted women who have become biological mothers based on the study of family relations throughout their family life cycle and biological and adoptive family transgenerational history. The defended thesis is that construction of the maternal role of the adopted woman is related to experiences in biological and adoptive filiations. Its theoretical outline was the psychodynamic and systemic approach. This is a qualitative research which had as instruments: Clinical Interview, Genogram, and Guide Itineraries for autobiography construction and reflection. The study included six women adopted at the age ranging from one month to twelve years, by legal or indirect adoption, with biological children, currently aged 36 to 53, with high school and college education, living with a partner, with religious or civil marriage, civil servants, formally contracted, and housewives, with family income ranging from one to seventeen minimum wages. After identifying them, three individual transcribed meetings took place in two therapeutic care centers of two private universities in Brazil. The collected data enabled the construction of their journeys, partner-family contexts, life cycle and life history. The information was analyzed based on the Qualitative Epistemology association by Gonz??lez Rey and the Life History Method by Bertaux, which led to the grouping of indicators in three areas of meaning, namely: a) The motherhood of adopted women through the transgenerational perspective discussed the participants??? biological and adoptive maternal influences, received throughout the family life cycle, from graphs based on the model of the Flow of Anxiety by Carter and McGoldrick. The results showed that the adopted women have built references anchored in the two maternal figures, either based on concrete experiences with their adoptive and biological mothers or on idealized experiences, sometimes in denial of the models considered inadequate; b) The difficult journey of becoming a mother from the experience of being a daughter reflected on the importance of the elaboration of grief experienced by the six participants in relation to the biological and adoptive mothers. It was noticed that the more elaborate the losses in childhood and adolescence were, the greater the identification of these women with their mothers was, and the lower the insecurity developed during the practice of their maternal role was; finally, the last area of meaning c) Between the re-establishment of the family myth and the transmission in the development of the maternal role of adopted women, which deepened the discussion of transmission of the maternal role from the re-establishment of the myth of abandonment. The results showed that the biological child of an adopted woman represented not only a sense of belonging but also the retrieval of her family history. It is concluded that, during the practice of the maternal role of adopted women, a transformation of abandonment heritage to the care for the biological child and adoptive mother occurred, being the emotional support of the extended family, spouse, and inlaws important. Methodological limitations relate to the difficulty in accessing the transgenerational history of women who have gone through the adoption process. Future studies were suggested based on the theme???s expansion for adoptive parents. === Este estudo aborda o tema da constru????o e exerc??cio do papel materno e teve como objetivo compreender o papel materno de mulheres adotadas que se tornaram m??es biol??gicas a partir do estudo das rela????es familiares ao longo do seu ciclo de vida familiar e da hist??ria transgeracional da sua fam??lia biol??gica e adotiva. A tese defendida ?? que a constru????o do papel materno da mulher adotada est?? relacionada ??s viv??ncias na filia????o biol??gica e adotiva. Seu referencial te??rico foi a abordagem sist??mica e psicodin??mica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, que teve como instrumento para coleta de informa????es: Entrevista Cl??nica, Genograma e Roteiros para constru????o e reflex??o de autobiografia. Participaram do estudo seis mulheres, adotadas entre um m??s de nascida e doze anos, por ado????o legal ou indireta, com filhos biol??gicos, idades atuais entre 36 e 53 anos, com ensino m??dio e superior, amigadas, casadas no civil ou religioso, servidoras p??blicas, carteira assinada e apenas do lar, com renda familiar entre um e dezessete sal??rios m??nimos. Ap??s identific??-las foram realizados tr??s encontros individuais, transcritos, em dois n??cleos de atendimento terap??utico de duas Universidades particulares no Brasil. A coleta viabilizou a constru????o das trajet??rias e contextos s??cio familiares, ciclo de vida e constru????o da hist??ria de vida das mulheres. As informa????es foram analisadas a partir da associa????o da Epistemologia Qualitativa de Gonz??lez Rey e o M??todo de Hist??ria de Vida de Bertaux que originou o agrupamento dos indicadores em tr??s zonas de sentido, a saber: a) A maternidade de mulheres adotadas na perspectiva transgeracional, discutiu a partir de gr??ficos baseados no modelo do Fluxo de Ansiedade de Carter e McGoldrick as influ??ncias maternas biol??gicas e adotivas das participantes, recebidas ao longo do ciclo de vida familiar. Os resultados apontaram que as mulheres adotadas constru??ram refer??ncias ancoradas nas duas figuras maternas e ora esteve baseada em viv??ncias concretas com suas m??es adotivas e biol??gicas, ora em viv??ncias idealizadas, ora na nega????o dos modelos considerados inadequados; b) A dif??cil travessia de tornar-se m??e a partir da viv??ncia de ser filha, refletiu sobre a import??ncia da elabora????o do luto vivenciado pelas seis participantes em rela????o ??s m??es biol??gicas e adotivas. Percebeu-se que quanto mais elaborado foram as perdas na inf??ncia e adolesc??ncia, maior foi a identifica????o dessas mulheres com suas m??es e menor foi a inseguran??a desenvolvida durante o exerc??cio do seu papel materno e por fim a ??ltima zona de sentido c) Entre a repara????o do mito familiar e a transmiss??o no desenvolvimento do papel materno de mulheres adotadas, que aprofundou a discuss??o da transmiss??o do papel materno, a partir da repara????o do mito do abandono. Os resultados apontaram que o filho biol??gico da mulher adotada representou tanto a possibilidade de sentir-se pertencente a algu??m como o resgate de sua hist??ria familiar. Conclui-se que durante o exerc??cio do papel materno das mulheres adotadas houve uma transforma????o da heran??a do abandono para o cuidado com o filho biol??gico, sendo importante o apoio afetivo da fam??lia extensa, esposo, cunhados e sogras. As limita????es metodol??gicas referem-se ?? dificuldade em acessar ??s hist??rias transgeracionais de mulheres que passaram pelo processo de ado????o. Estudos futuros foram sugeridos a partir da amplia????o da tem??tica para pais adotivos.
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