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Previous issue date: 2017-02-24 === The study analyzes the hypothesis that the distance between the residence of
the individual jurisdiction and the seat of the Labor Court of first instance, affects decision on
whether or not to file a labor claim. The study was structured in two stages. The first deals with
the theoretical discussion of the relation distance versus labor demand, based on consumer
theory. The second stage deals with empirical research on the effects of socioeconomic,
geographic and labor market factors on the labor demands from 2001 to 2014 in the 24 regions
of Labor Justice in Brazil. The information collected is dealt with in panel data, in order to
evaluate the effects of the explanatory variables referring to the above mentioned factors on the
labor demands, with special interest on the parameter related to the distance of the jurisdiction.
As a result, it is observed that the behavior of explanatory variables, commonly used in similar
models, such as income, education and GDP, show the expected trend over the dependent
variable. It is verified that, in fact, the attribute relative to the distance of the jurisdiction of its
seat reflects in the degree of labor suit judgments, objective of this work. Therefore, it is not
rejected the hypothesis of the existence of a relationship between the distance of residence of
the individual and the seat of the Labor Court of first instance with a factor relevant to the
decision making in filing or not a labor claim. === O estudo analisa a hip??tese de que a dist??ncia entre a resid??ncia do indiv??duo jurisdicionado e
a sede da Justi??a do Trabalho de primeira inst??ncia, afeta decis??o em ajuizar ou n??o uma
reclama????o trabalhista. O estudo foi estruturado em duas etapas. A primeira trata da discuss??o
te??rica da rela????o dist??ncia versus demanda trabalhista, tomando por base teoria do consumidor.
A segunda etapa, trata de pesquisa emp??rica sobre os reflexos de fatores socioecon??micos,
geogr??ficos e de mercado de trabalho sobre as demandas trabalhistas no per??odo de 2001 a 2014
nas 24 regi??es da Justi??a do Trabalho no Brasil. As informa????es levantadas s??o tratadas em
dados em painel, no sentido de avaliar os efeitos das vari??veis explicativas referentes aos fatores
acima citados sobre as demandas trabalhistas, com especial interesse sobre o par??metro relativo
?? dist??ncia do jurisdicionado. Como resultado, observa-se que o comportamento das vari??veis
explicativas, comumente utilizadas em modelos an??logos, tais como renda, educa????o e PIB
apresentam a tend??ncia esperada sobre a vari??vel dependente. ?? constatado que, de fato, o
atributo relativo ?? dist??ncia do jurisdicionado de sua sede reflete no grau de ajuizamento de
a????es trabalhista, objetivo desse trabalho. Portanto, n??o se rejeita a hip??tese da exist??ncia de
rela????o entre a dist??ncia de resid??ncia do indiv??duo jurisdicionado e a sede da Justi??a do
Trabalho de primeira inst??ncia como fator relevante ?? tomada de decis??o em ajuizar ou n??o uma
reclama????o trabalhista.
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