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Previous issue date: 2015-09-22 === Organ transplantation is one of the greatest twentieth century advances in medicine, with
success rates above 80%. Recent changes on donors profile, due to worldwide population
aging, has led to modified organs acceptance criteria by the transplantation centers. This study
aimed to describe the epidemiological, serological and clinical data of elderly organ donors,
aged 60 years old or above, distributed by the National Transplant Center - NTC, Brazil, from
2011 to 2014, with special regard to organ donations progression and donation processes
outcome related to the elderly organs donors. A descriptive, exploratory, retrospective,
temporal and documentary series study was conducted with secondary data concerning
Brazilian Federal Unit origin (UF), donation processes data and solid organs (heart, lung, liver
and kidney) distribution, conducted by NTC, from 2011 to 2014, of older donors with 60
years or above. A total of 1,173 donation processes were analyzed, 38.6% of elderly donors
were 60-64 years range and 31.5% were 65-69 years range. 57.9% were men and stroke
(haemorrhagic) was the leading cause of death. Santa Catarina (20.2%), Cear?? (13%) and Rio
de Janeiro (11.3%) were the most tendered states for national elderly organs distribution.
Kidney was the most offered organ, followed by liver, heart and lung, in that order. Potential
donor hospital stay was identified as an average of 5 - 6 days. Considering the use of
vasoactive drugs and antibiotics, there was not a significant difference between donors with
transplanted organs and donors with discarded organs. As for serologic tests, the presence or
absence of a positive serologic test did not influence the acceptance of organs; however
creatinine, urea and total bilirubin levels influenced this acceptance. Our results suggests that
further researches are needed to better understand the old organ donor profile, consequently
stimulating the use of organs from these donors by the transplantation centers and state
transplant centers. === O transplante de ??rg??os foi um dos maiores avan??os obtidos pela medicina no s??culo XX,
com ??ndice de sucesso acima de 80%. A mudan??a no perfil do doador, devido ao
envelhecimento populacional em todo o mundo, tem ocasionado modifica????es nos crit??rios de
aceita????o dos ??rg??os pelas equipes transplantadoras. O presente trabalho buscou descrever o
perfil epidemiol??gico, cl??nico e sorol??gico dos doadores de ??rg??os idosos com 60 anos ou
mais, provenientes da Central Nacional de Transplante ??? CNT, Brasil: 2011 a 2014, a
evolu????o do n??mero de doa????es de ??rg??os e o desfecho do processo de doa????o quanto ao
aproveitamento dos ??rg??os de doadores idosos. Para tal, foi realizado um estudo descritivo,
explorat??rio, retrospectivo, de s??rie temporal e documental, com dados secund??rios,
abrangendo as Unidades da Federa????o (UF) do Brasil, para os anos de 2011 a 2014,
provenientes dos processos de doa????o / distribui????o de ??rg??os s??lidos (cora????o, pulm??o,
f??gado, rim e p??ncreas), realizados pelo CNT por doadores com 60 anos ou mais. Foram
analisados 1.173 processos de doa????o nos quais, 38,6% dos doadores tinham entre 60 e 64
anos, e 31,5%, entre 65 e 69 anos. Quanto ao sexo, 57,9% dos doadores eram homens e o
AVC ??? H foi a principal causa de morte. Em rela????o ??s disponibiliza????es de ??rg??os pelas
Unidades Federativas para distribui????o nacional, Santa Catarina (20,2%), Cear?? (13%) e Rio
de Janeiro (11,3%) foram as que mais ofertaram. Os principais ??rg??os ofertados foram: rim,
f??gado, cora????o e pulm??o, nesta ordem. Quanto ao tempo de interna????o do potencial doador, a
m??dia de interna????o foi de 5 a 6 dias. E quanto ao uso de droga vasoativa e antibi??tico n??o foi
significativa a diferen??a entre doadores com ??rg??os transplantados e doadores com ??rg??os
descartados. No que tange ?? sorologia, a presen??a ou n??o das sorologias estudadas positivas
n??o influenciou na aceita????o do ??rg??o, no entanto, as vari??veis creatinina, ureia e bilirrubina
quando alteradas, representaram maior possibilidade de descarte desses ??rg??os. A partir
desses resultados, sugere-se a realiza????o de mais pesquisas com o objetivo de conhecer o
perfil do doador idoso de ??rg??os e, mediante isso, estimular o aproveitamento dos ??rg??os
provenientes desses doadores pelas equipes transplantadoras e Centrais Estaduais de
Transplantes.
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