Avalia??o de curvas de postura de uma linha f?mea de frango de corte

• Main Author: Cruz, Valdecy Aparecida Rocha da
• Other Authors: Figueiredo, Frederico de Castro
• Language: Portuguese
• Published: UFVJM 2015
• Subjects: Curva de postura; Frango de corte; Polin?mios segmentados; Regress?o n?o linear; Tend?ncia gen?tica
• Online Access: http://acervo.ufvjm.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/782

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No. of bitstreams: 2 valdecy_aparecida_rocha_cruz.pdf: 267581 bytes, checksum: 1e59b25dbde1c757d85d3e2e0af0d778 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 === Estimativas precisas e acuradas de par?metros gen?ticos e fenot?picos s?o de grande import?ncia para se alcan?ar progresso gen?tico em uma popula??o e se selecionar, de forma mais eficiente, os indiv?duos das linhagens espec?ficas nos programas de melhoramento gen?tico. Com isso, objetivou-se com este trabalho estimar os par?metros da curva de postura, utilizando os modelos de polin?mios segmentados e Wood (1967); e estimar par?metros gen?ticos e fenot?picos dos par?metros do modelo de polin?mios segmentados, assim como a tend?ncia gen?tica dos mesmos. Foram utilizados dados da produ??o de ovo semanal das 25 at? 64 semanas de idade provenientes de 2.398 aves de uma linha f?mea de frangos de corte. As curvas de postura foram ajustadas utilizando os modelos de polin?mios segmentados e Wood (1967). O modelo de polin?mios segmentados ? constitu?do pelos par?metros ?xp?- idade das aves ao pico de postura, ?P?- n?vel de produ??o no pico, ?s? - taxa de decr?scimo semanal na produ??o de ovos ap?s o pico, e ?t? - tempo entre o in?cio e o pico de postura. O modelo de Wood ? constitu?do pelos par?metros ?a? - taxa de produ??o inicial, ?b? taxa de acr?scimo at? o pico de produ??o, e ?c? taxa de decr?scimo ap?s o pico de produ??o. As estimativas das m?dias dos par?metros das curvas foram realizadas utilizando o PROC MEANS do SAS. A estima??o dos componentes de covari?ncias, herdabilidades, correla??es e os valores gen?ticos para os par?metros da curva de postura de polin?mios segmentados foram obtidas utilizando o ?software? MTDFREML e as tend?ncias gen?ticas por meio do PROC REG do SAS. A linhagem avaliada apresentou um pico de postura ?s 30,43 semanas de idade, sendo o n?vel de postura de 0,746 ovo/aves/dia, com uma m?dia de 3,08 semanas do in?cio da postura at? o pico de postura e a taxa de persist?ncia foi de 0,014 ovo/ave/semana. As m?dias estimadas para os par?metros do modelo de Wood (1967) foram de 0,0003 para taxa de produ??o inicial 2,9398 para taxa de acr?scimo de produ??o at? o pico e de 0,0767 para taxa de decr?scimo de produ??o ap?s o pico postura. As curvas ajustadas para os modelos de polin?mios segmentados e Wood (1967) permitiram evidenciar um baixo n?vel de produ??o no pico de postura. O modelo de polin?mios segmentados superestimou a persist?ncia ap?s o pico de postura e o modelo de Wood (1967) subestimou o final da produ??o. As m?dias das herdabilidades foram de baixa a m?dia magnitudes, 0,25 (xp), 0,18 (P), 0,17 (s) e 0,10 (t). Estes resultados indicam que a sele??o para o par?metro ?xp? teria uma melhor resposta que para os demais par?metros. As correla??es entre o par?metro ?t? e os demais par?metros da curva foram positivas variando de 0,21 at? 1,00. Essas correla??es indicam que os animais com um maior tempo entre in?cio e pico de postura tendem a apresentar uma maior idade ao pico de postura, maior n?vel de produ??o e maior queda de produ??o p?s-pico. As correla??es foram negativas entre os par?metros ?s? e ?xp? e ?s? e ?P? apresentando-se menor entre ?s? e ?xp? (-0,17) e maior entre ?s? e ?P? (-0,91), indicando que um aumento no n?vel de produ??o e idade ao pico de produ??o acarretaria uma menor queda de produ??o de ovos p?s-pico. Podemos constatar que pode ser promovido ganho gen?tico para os par?metros da curva de produ??o de ovos, por?m a sele??o para um aumento do n?vel de produ??o poder? levar a um aumento na idade ao pico de postura. Assim como, aves mais precoces ao pico poder?o apresentar menor persist?ncia. === Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. === ABSTRACT Precise and accurate estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters are of great importance to achieve genetic progress in a population and select more efficiently individuals of specific lines in breeding programs. Thus, the aim with this study was to estimate the parameters of the curve approach, using models of segmented polynomials and Wood (1967) and to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters of the model parameters of segmented polynomials, as well as the genetic tendency of them. It had been used data from the weekly egg production from 2,398 birds in a line of female broilers, aging from 25 to 64 weeks. The curves of posture were adjusted using the models of segmented polynomials and Wood (1967). The segmented polynomial model consists of parameters "xp" - the peak age of the birds in attitude, "P" - at peak production level, "s"- a weekly rate of decrease in egg production after peak, and ?t? - time between onset and peak position. The parameters of the Wood model consist of "a"- rate initial production," b "rate of increase until the production peak, and "c" rate of decline after peak production. Estimates of means of parameters were performed using SAS PROC MEANS. Estimation of covariance components, heritability?s, correlations and breeding values for the parameters of the curve posture segmented polynomial were obtained using the software MTDFREML and genetic trends by PROC REG of SAS. The strain studied showed a peak position at 30.43 weeks of age, the level of posture of 0.746 egg / poultry / day, with an average of 3.08 weeks of posture to the peak position and the rate of persistence was 0.014 eggs / bird / week. The estimated averages for the parameters of the model of Wood (1967) was 0.0003 for rate initial production rate of 2.9398 for increased production to peak and 0.0767 for rate of decline of production after the peak position . The fitted curves for the models of segmented polynomials and Wood (1967) have highlighted a low level of production at peak production. The segmented polynomial model overestimated the persistence after the peak position and the model of Wood (1967) underestimated the final production. The heritability?s means were low to medium magnitude, 0.25 (xp), 0.18 (P), 0.17 (s) and 0.10 (t). These results indicate that selection for the parameter "xp" would have a better response than for the other parameters. The correlations between the parameter "t" and the other parameters of the curve were positive ranging from 0.21 to 1.00. These correlations indicate that animals with a longer time between onset and peak position tend to have a higher age at peak position, the highest level of production and greater decrease in post-peak production. Were negative correlations between the parameters "s" and "xp" and "s" and "P" presenting lower between "s" and "xp" (-0.17) and higher in "s" and "P" (-0.91), indicating that an increase in production level and age at peak production would result in a smaller drop in egg production after peak. It has been noted that genetic gains can be obtained for the curve parameters for egg production, but a selection focused on an increased level of production could lead to an increase in age at peak production. Just as birds that present earlier peak may have lower persistence.